Nozzles for Circulating Fluid in an Algae Cultivation Pond
A nozzle for generating fluid flow in an algae cultivation pond is disclosed. The nozzle includes a surface forming a smooth flow path from an inlet to an outlet. The surface corresponds to a monotonically decreasing function from the inlet to the outlet. A ratio of an inlet cross-sectional area to an outlet cross-sectional area is greater than sixteen.
1 . A nozzle for generating fluid flow in an algae cultivation pond, the nozzle comprising:
an inlet;
an outlet region including an outlet entry and an outlet exit, wherein a ratio between an inlet cross-sectional area and an outlet region cross-sectional area is greater than sixteen and wherein a cross-section of the outlet region corresponds to a triangle; and
a smooth surface forming a flow path from the inlet to the outlet exit, the surface corresponding to a polynomial of order five or higher between the inlet and the outlet entry and corresponding to a convex edge between the outlet entry and the outlet exit, wherein a ratio between a length of the surface and an inlet diameter ranges between 1.4 and 2.
2 . A nozzle for generating fluid flow in an algae cultivation pond, the nozzle comprising:
a smooth surface forming a flow path from an inlet to an outlet, the surface corresponding to a monotonically decreasing function intermediate to the inlet and the outlet, wherein a ratio of an inlet cross-sectional area to an outlet cross-sectional area is greater than sixteen.
3 . The nozzle of claim 2 , wherein the ratio of the inlet cross-sectional area to the outlet cross-sectional area is between sixteen and twenty-five.
4 . The nozzle of claim 2 , wherein the outlet includes an outlet entry and an outlet exit, the surface including an expansion edge between the outlet entry and the outlet exit such that a cross-sectional area of the smooth flow path increases, via the expansion edge, from the outlet entry to the outlet exit.
5 . The nozzle of claim 4 , wherein the outlet exit corresponds to a triangle.
6 . The nozzle of claim 2 , wherein the surface is approximately parallel to a horizontal dimension at the inlet.
7 . The nozzle of claim 2 , wherein the monotonically decreasing function corresponds to a polynomial fourth order or higher.
8 . The nozzle of claim 2 , wherein a ratio between a length of the surface and an inlet diameter ranges between 1.4 and 2.
9 . The nozzle of claim 2 , wherein a cross-section of the outlet exit corresponds to a rectangle.
10 . The nozzle of claim 2 , wherein the outlet includes an outlet entry and an outlet exit, and wherein a cross-sectional area of the outlet exit is greater than a cross-sectional area of the outlet entry.
11 . A nozzle for generating fluid flow in an algae cultivation pond, the nozzle comprising:
an inlet located on a first portion of an elongated body; and
an outlet located on a second portion of the elongated body, wherein a cross-section of the internal surface is circular at the inlet and rectangular at the outlet.
12 . The nozzle of claim 11 , further comprising a flow path from the inlet to the outlet, wherein the outlet includes an outlet exit including an edge angled at approximately thirty-five to fifty-five degrees with respect to a vertical dimension.
13 . The nozzle of claim 12 , wherein an edge of the outlet exit is corrugated.
14 . The nozzle of claim 12 , wherein an angle of the flow path is negative with respect to a horizontal dimension.
15 . The nozzle of claim 11 , wherein a distance between the inlet and the outlet is between ten centimeters and thirty centimeters.
16 . The nozzle of claim 11 , wherein the nozzle is coupled to a manifold, the manifold configured to receive pressurized fluid from a fluid source.
17 . The nozzle of claim 11 , wherein the internal surface is configured to impart a swirl to the pressurized fluid.
18 . A system for generating fluid flow in an algae cultivation pond, comprising:
at least one nozzle submerged below the surface of an algae cultivation pond and configured to initiate fluid flow in the algae cultivation pond, the nozzle including:
a smooth surface forming a flow path from an inlet to an outlet, the surface corresponding to a monotonically decreasing function from the inlet to the outlet, wherein a ratio of an inlet cross-sectional area to an outlet cross-sectional area is greater than sixteen;
a manifold coupled to the nozzle and to a source of pressurized fluid, the manifold configured to provide pressurized fluid to the nozzle;
a processor; and
a computer-readable storage medium having embodied thereon a program executable by the processor to perform a method for generating fluid flow in an algae cultivation pond, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is coupled to the processor and the pressurized fluid source, the processor executing the instructions on the computer-readable storage medium to:
measure a velocity associated with the generated fluid flow in the algae cultivation pond, and
adjust an energy associated with the pressurized fluid.
19 . The system of claim 18 , wherein the at least one nozzle forms a portion of an array of nozzles, the array of nozzles configured to generate an array of jets.
20 . The system of claim 18 , wherein the manifold is configured to provide an equal flow of pressurized fluid to each nozzle of the array of nozzles.
21 . The system of claim 18 , wherein the nozzle is configured to initiate circulation of fluid in the algae cultivation pond via a jet, such that a head generated by the jet overcomes a head loss of the algae cultivation pond when a velocity of the fluid flow in the algae cultivation pond is at least ten centimeters per second.
22 . The system of claim 18 , wherein a ratio between a length of the surface and an inlet diameter ranges between 1.4 and 2.