Methods for Brazing Powder Metal Parts
A method is provided for brazing porous metal parts. By heating a filler metal such as a brazing alloy containing composition to a temperature between the solidus and liquidus temperature, the brazing alloy can be caused to partially infiltrate the pores of a porous metal part. After being infiltrated, the brazing alloy containing composition may be cooled and thereby able to form a strong adhesion between the porous metal parts and another material. The other material may, for example, be a solid material or another porous metal part.
1 . A method for brazing a porous metal part to a material, wherein said material comprises at least one of a powder metal part or a solid metal part, said method comprising:
(a) placing a filler metal between said porous metal part and said material to form an assembly, wherein said filler metal comprises a brazing alloy and in said assembly the filler metal contacts both said porous metal part and said material; and
(b) heating the assembly to a temperature between a liquidus temperature and a solidus temperature of the brazing alloy, wherein between 10 and 90 wt. % of the paste forms a liquid phase and at least some of said liquid phase infiltrates the porous metal part, and the remaining liquid phase combines with the solid phase to form the braze joint.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising after (b) cooling the assembly to a temperature at which the brazing alloy solidifies.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least part of the liquid phase does not infiltrate the porous metal part.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the powder metal part is a friction pad and the material is a solid metal part that is a steel backing plate.
5 . The method according to claim 4 , wherein the friction pad is made of iron powder with metallic and nonmetallic additives.
6 . The method according to claim 4 , wherein the friction pad is made of copper powder with metallic and nonmetallic additives.
7 . The method according to claim 4 , wherein the steel backing plate is copper plated.
8 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the filler metal is part of a paste and the paste further comprises a water-based or an organic solvent-based binder.
9 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the brazing alloy of claim 1 comprises copper and 2 to 30 weight % tin.
10 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the brazing alloy comprises copper and 2 to 30 weight % zinc.
11 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the brazing alloy comprises copper and 3 to 10 weight % phosphorus.
12 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the brazing alloy comprises copper, 0.25 to 30 weight % tin, and 2 to 45 weight % zinc.
13 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the brazing alloy comprises copper, 5 to 40 weight % zinc, and 5 to 30 weight % manganese.
14 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the brazing alloy comprises copper and 3 to 10 weight % phosphorus and 1 to 20 weight % silver.
15 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein between 30 and 70 weight % of the paste forms said liquid phase.
16 . The method according to claim 15 , wherein less than 60 weight % of the liquid phase infiltrates the porous metal part.
17 . A method for brazing a friction pad, said method comprising:
(a) blending a sponge iron powder with metallic and nonmetallic additives to form a friction mix;
(b) pressing the friction mix into a friction pad;
(c) coating a surface of the friction pad with a brazing alloy to form a coated friction pad;
(d) forming an assembly comprised of the coated friction pad and a steel backing plate that has a copper plating, wherein the brazing alloy of the coated friction pad is in contact with the copper plating of the steel backing plate;
(e) heating the assembly to a temperature between a solidus temperature and a liquidus temperature of the brazing alloy for a time sufficient to cause between 10 and 90 wt. % of the brazing alloy to form a liquid phase; and
(f) cooling the assembly.
18 . A method for brazing friction pads, said method comprising:
(a) blending a copper powder with metallic and nonmetallic additives to form a friction mix;
(b) pressing the friction mix into a friction pad;
(c) coating a surface of the friction pad with a brazing alloy to form a coated friction pad;
(d) forming an assembly comprised of the coated friction pad and a steel backing plate that has a copper plating, wherein the brazing alloy of the coated friction pad is in contact with the copper plating of the steel backing plate;
(e) heating the assembly to a temperature between a solidus temperature and a liquidus temperature of the brazing alloy for a time sufficient to cause between 10 and 90 wt. % of the brazing alloy to form a liquid phase; and
(f) cooling the assembly.
19 . An assembly produced according to the method of claim 1 .
20 . An assembly produced according to the method of claim 17 .