Genetic markers of mental illness

1. A method of treating a human subject having schizophrenia (SZ), the method comprising:

selecting a human subject having SZ;

performing an assay to determine a Functional Sma and Mad related protein (SMAD) Suppressing Element 18 (FUSSEL18) haplotype for the selected subject, wherein the FUSSEL18 haplotype comprises an allele of single nucleotide polymorphism rs17785419; and

identifying a selected subject having an A allele at rs17785419 as less likely to have a negative side effect in response to perphenazine compared to a subject not having an A allele at rs17785419, or identifying a selected subject not having an A allele at rs17785419 as more likely to have a negative side effect in response to perphenazine compared to a subject having an A allele at rs17785419; and

administering a treatment comprising perphenazine to a selected subject identified as having an A allele at rs17785419 or administering a treatment not comprising perphenazine to a selected subject identified as not having an A allele at rs17785419.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a treatment comprising perphenazine is administered to a selected subject having an A allele at rs17785419.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising obtaining a sample comprising genomic DNA from the selected subject.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the selected subject has:

(a) a parent who has SZ, schizoaffective disorder (SD), or schizotypal personality disorder (SPD);

(b) a sibling who has SZ, SD, or SPD; or

(c) a second degree relative who has SZ, SD, or SPD.

5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising selecting or excluding the selected subject for enrollment in a clinical trial based on the selected subject's haplotype.

6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising stratifying a population of selected subjects for analysis of a clinical trial based on the haplotypes in the selected subjects.

7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising confirming a diagnosis of SZ in the selected subject using psychometric instruments.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising stratifying the selected subjects into biologically similar groups based on their haplotypes in order to determine a differential diagnosis.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the selected subject is determined to have SZ based, in part, on his or her Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein a treatment not comprising perphenazine is administered to a selected subject identified as not having an A allele at rs17785419.

11. A method of treating a human subject having schizophrenia (SZ), the method comprising:

selecting a human subject having SZ;

performing an assay to determine a functional Sma and Mad related protein (SMAD) suppressing element 18 (FUSSEL18) haplotype for the selected subject, wherein the FUSSEL18 haplotype comprises an allele of single nucleotide polymorphism rs17785419;

identifying a selected subject having an A allele at rs17785419 or identifying a selected subject not having an A allele at rs17785419; and

administering a treatment comprising perphenazine to a selected subject identified as having an A allele at rs17785419, or administering a treatment not comprising perphenazine to a selected subject not having an A allele at rs17785419.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein a treatment comprising perphenazine is administered to a selected subject identified as having an A allele at rs17785419.

13. The method of claim 11 , further comprising obtaining a sample comprising genomic DNA from the selected subject.

14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the selected subject is determined to have SZ based, in part, on his or her Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score.

15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the selected subject has:

(a) a parent who has SZ, schizoaffective disorder (SD), or schizotypal personality disorder (SPD);

(b) a sibling who has SZ, SD, or SPD, and an unaffected parent; or

(c) a second degree relative who has SZ, SD, or SPD.

16. The method of claim 11 , wherein a treatment not comprising perphenazine is administered to a selected subject identified as not having an A allele at rs17785419.

17. The method of claim 11 , further comprising selecting or excluding the selected subject for enrollment in a clinical trial based on the selected subject's haplotype.

18. The method of claim 11 , further comprising stratifying a population of selected subjects for analysis of a clinical trial based on the haplotypes in the selected subjects.

19. The method of claim 11 , further comprising confirming a diagnosis of SZ in the selected subject using psychometric instruments.

20. The method of claim 11 , further comprising stratifying the selected subjects into biologically similar groups based on their haplotypes in order to determine a differential diagnosis.

21. A method of treating a human subject having schizophrenia (SZ), the method comprising:

selecting a human subject having SZ;

performing an assay to determine a functional Sma and Mad related protein (SMAD) Suppressing Element 18 (FUSSEL18) haplotype for the selected human subject, wherein the FUSSEL18 haplotype comprises an allele of single nucleotide polymorphism rs17785419;

identifying a selected subject having an A allele at rs17785419 or identifying a selected subject not having an A allele at rs17785419;

selecting a treatment comprising perphenazine for a selected subject identified as having an A allele at rs17785419, or selecting a treatment not comprising perphenazine for a selected subject identified as not having an A allele at rs17785419; and

administering a treatment comprising perphenazine to a selected subject identified as having an A allele at rs17785419, or administering a treatment not comprising perphenazine to a selected subject identified as not having an A allele at rs17785419.

22. The method of claim 21 , further comprising obtaining a sample comprising genomic DNA from the selected subject.

23. The method of claim 21 , wherein the selected subject is determined to have SZ based, in part, on his or her Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score.

24. The method of claim 21 , wherein the selected subject has:

(a) a parent who has SZ, schizoaffective disorder (SD), or schizotypal personality disorder (SPD);

(b) a sibling who has SZ, SD, or SPD, and an unaffected parent; or

(c) a second degree relative who has SZ, SD, or SPD.

25. The method of claim 21 , wherein a treatment comprising perphenazine is administered to a selected subject identified as having an A allele at rs17785419.

26. The method of claim 21 , wherein a treatment not comprising perphenazine is administered to a selected subject identified as not having an A allele at rs17785419.

27. The method of claim 21 , further comprising selecting or excluding the selected subject for enrollment in a clinical trial based on the selected subject's haplotype.

28. The method of claim 21 , further comprising stratifying a population of selected subjects for analysis of a clinical trial based on the haplotypes in the selected subjects.

29. The method of claim 21 , further comprising confirming a diagnosis of SZ in the selected subject using psychometric instruments.

30. The method of claim 21 , further comprising stratifying the selected subjects into biologically similar groups based on their haplotypes in order to determine a differential diagnosis.