Process for purification of water soluble polymers
A process for purification of water soluble polymers is provided. A polymer of interest can be separated from a mixture of polymers, provided the polymer of interest differs from other polymers in the mixture in the number of reactive terminal groups. The process involves derivatizing polymers at the reactive terminal groups with a derivatizing molecule, bearing either (i) two or three cationic or anionic ionizable groups, and a group capable of covalent bonding to the reactive terminal groups or (ii) three or four ionizable groups, at least one of which is capable of covalent bonding to the reactive terminal groups; followed by ion exchange. The process allows removal of PEG from MPEG, and can be used for polymers having an average size greater than 9,000 Da Derivatization may be reversible in order to allow re-use of recovered contaminant polymers.
1. A process for the separation of a water-soluble poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) polymer of interest from other water-soluble poly(ethylene oxide) polymers, initially present as one component of a mixture, wherein the polymer of interest contains a different number of reactive terminal groups than the other water-soluble polymers in the mixture, wherein said reactive terminal groups are hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, mercapto, halide, carboxylate, amino, aldehyde, maleimide, or —CH 2 —X wherein X is a halide or sulfonic acid ester, said process comprising:
reacting the initial mixture of polymers to covalently bind the reactive terminal group with a derivatizing molecule, said derivatizing molecule being capable of forming a covalent bond with said reactive terminal group, wherein said derivatizing molecule has 2 or 3 ionizable groups after the covalent binding, and wherein said 2 or 3 ionizable groups are all independently selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, phosphate, phosphonate, borate, sulfonate, and sulfate groups, or wherein said 2 or 3 ionizable groups are all independently selected from the group consisting of amine, aromatic amine, and heterocyclic nitrogen containing groups; and
subjecting the reacted polymer mixture to ion exchange to separate the derivatized (PEO) polymer of interest from the other derivatized PEG polymers.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymer of interest is monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG).
3. The process of claim 2 , wherein the initial mixture of polymers comprises monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG).
4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the initial mixture of polymers comprises less than 10% PEG.
5. The process of claim 3 , additionally comprising, prior to the step of reacting the initial mixture of polymers, the step of preparing MPEG by ethylene oxide polymerization thereby forming a mixture of polymers containing MPEG and PEG.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein:
the polymer of interest is mono alkyl ether end capped poly(ethylene glycol); and
the other polymers comprises one or both of poly(ethylene glycol) or bis alkyl ether end capped poly(ethylene glycol).
7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the polymer of interest is methoxy ether end capped poly(ethylene glycol).
8. A method for analysis of the presence of more than one water-soluble poly(ethylene oxide) polymers in an initial mixture of water-soluble poly(ethylene oxide) polymers, wherein each polymer to be assessed has a different number of reactive terminal groups, the method comprising the steps of:
carrying out the process of claim 1 ; and
evaluating polymer composition of the reacted polymer mixture.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the step of evaluating polymer content is used to demonstrate that the initial mixture contains predominantly one polymer of interest and a negligible amount of contaminant polymers.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the step of evaluating polymer content is used to determine content of a reactive polymer wherein only a polymer possessing a particular reactive termini can be converted to a derivatized polymer.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the step of evaluating polymer content is used to determine presence or amount of any polymer in the mixture that can react more than once with the derivatizing molecule.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the amount of a reactive product formed from a PEG species present in a reactive MPEG polymer is measured.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reaction with the derivatizing molecule results in essentially all reactive terminal groups of the water-soluble poly(alkylene oxide) polymers being covalently bound to a di-anion or a tri-anion.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reactive terminal groups are hydroxyl groups.
15. The process of claim 1 , further comprising removing the derivatizing molecule from the polymer of interest and/or the other polymers after the step of separating.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the resulting separated polymer of interest, is greater than about 99% pure.
17. The process of claim 1 , wherein the ethylene oxide monomeric moieties are independently selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxides of structure:
wherein R 1 is H or a C 1-4 -alkyl group.
18. The process of claim 17 , wherein R 1 is H or methyl.
19. The process of claim 1 , wherein the initial mixture of polymers each has an average size of about 100,000 Da or less.
20. The process of claim 1 , wherein the initial mixture of polymers each has an average size of about 9,000 Da or greater.
21. The process according to claim 1 , wherein:
the polymer of interest is a poly(ethylene glycol) polymer having one reactive terminal group;
the initial mixture of polymers comprises a poly(ethylene glycol) polymer having two reactive terminal groups admixed with the polymer of interest;
the step of reacting comprises acylation with the derivatizing molecule; and
ion exchange chromatography is employed to elute a fraction containing the polymer of interest at a distinct ionic strength.
22. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymer of interest is MPEG, and wherein the process comprises, prior to the step of reacting the initial mixture of polymers, the step of preparing MPEG from PEG and methanol.
23. The process of claim 1 , wherein the polymer of interest is poly(ethylene glycol) monoethyl ether (EtO-PEG), and wherein the process comprises, prior to the step of reacting the initial mixture of polymers, the step of preparing EtO-PEG from PEG and ethanol.
24. The process of claim 1 , wherein the derivatizing molecule is mercaptosuccinic acid.
25. The process of claim 1 , wherein the derivatizing molecule is dimethylaminopropylamine.
26. A process for the separation of a water-soluble poly(ethylene oxide) polymer (PEG) of interest from other water-soluble poly(ethylene oxide) polymers, initially present as one component of a mixture, wherein the polymer of interest contains a different number of reactive terminal groups than the other water-soluble polymers in the mixture, wherein said reactive terminal groups are hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, mercapto, halide, carboxylate, amino, aldehyde, maleimide, or —CH 2 —X wherein X is a halide or sulfonic acid ester, said process comprising:
reacting the initial mixture of polymers to covalently bind the reactive terminal group with a derivatizing molecule, said derivatizing molecule being capable of forming a covalent bond with said reactive terminal group, wherein said derivatizing molecule has 2 or 3 ionizable groups after the covalent binding, and wherein said 2 or 3 ionizable groups are all independently selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, phosphate, phosphonate, borate, sulfonate, and sulfate groups, or wherein said 2 or 3 ionizable groups are all independently selected from the group consisting of amine, aromatic amine, and heterocyclic nitrogen containing; and
subjecting the reacted polymer mixture to ion exchange to separate the derivatized (PEG) polymer of interest from the other derivatized PEG polymers:
wherein the derivatizing molecule is 1,2,4-benzene tricarboxylic acid anhydride, 1,2,4,5-benzene tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutane tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride, or 2,2′,3,3′-dicarboxybenzophenone dianhydride.