Nano/micro-patterned optical device and fabrication method thereof
A nano/micro-patterned optical device includes a soft film substrate and nano/micro thin wires. A surface of the soft film substrate includes a nano/micro-pattern formed through a lithography process, and the nano/micro-pattern includes a plurality of depressed grooves. The nano/micro thin wires are placed in the depressed grooves, and used to form a plurality of optical waveguides, in which the optical waveguides include at least one optical coupling region, and the optical coupling region is located on a joining position of the optical waveguides. A fabrication method of the nano/micro-patterned optical device is also provided.
1. A nano/micro-patterned wire optical device, comprising:
a soft film substrate, wherein a surface of the soft film substrate comprises at least one nano/micro-pattern formed through a lithography process, and the nano/micro-pattern comprises a plurality of depressed grooves; and
at least one nano/micro thin wire, placed in the depressed grooves, and used to form a plurality of optical waveguides, wherein the optical waveguides comprise at least one optical coupling region, and the optical coupling region is located on a joining position of the optical waveguides.
2. The nano/micro wire optical device according to claim 1 , wherein the soft film substrate is a thermal curing material or an ultraviolet (UV)-curing material.
3. The nano/micro wire optical device according to claim 1 , wherein the soft film substrate is independently selected from a group consisting of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, and any combination thereof.
4. The nano/micro wire optical device according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one microstructure, formed on the surface of the soft film substrate, and used to reduce an adhesion force between the soft film substrate and the nano/micro thin wires, wherein the microstructure is a particle structure, a columnar structure, or another protruding structure.
5. The nano/micro wire optical device according to claim 1 , wherein the nano/micro thin wire is selected from a group consisting of silicon, silicon dioxide, and a high molecular polymer.
6. The nano/micro wire optical device according to claim 1 , wherein a diameter of the nano/micro thin wire falls between 10 nanometers (nm) and 100 micrometers (μm).
7. The nano/micro wire optical device according to claim 1 , wherein the nano/micro thin wire comprises at least one dopant, the dopant is independently selected from a group consisting of a metal element, a luminescent molecule, a luminescent atom, and any combination thereof, and the dopant has a property of gaining a laser energy.
8. The nano/micro wire optical device according to claim 1 , further comprising: a packaging structure, for packaging and wrapping the nano/micro thin wire in the depressed groove respectively, wherein the packaging structure is made of a thermal curing material or a UV-curing material.
9. The nano/micro wire optical device according to claim 1 , wherein the nano/micro-pattern has a hydrophobic property or a hydrophilic property.
10. A fabrication method of a nano/micro-patterned wire optical device, comprising:
performing a lithography process to form at least one nano/micro-pattern on a surface of a soft film substrate, wherein the nano/micro-pattern comprises a plurality of conformations, and the lithography process is selected from a group consisting of photolithography, electron beam lithography, laser direct write lithography, optical interference lithography, and nano imprint lithography; and
providing at least one nano/micro thin wire and correspondingly combining the nano/micro thin wires with the conformations to form a plurality of optical waveguides, wherein the optical waveguides comprise at least one optical coupling region, and the optical coupling region is located on a joining position of the optical waveguides.
11. The fabrication method according to claim 10 , wherein the lithography process comprises:
performing an exposure and development process to form a mother film, wherein the mother film has at least one transfer pattern on a surface thereof;
providing a soft film polymer, wherein the soft film polymer is the soft film substrate in a liquid state;
performing a coating process to coat the soft film polymer on the surface of the mother film;
performing a curing process to cure the soft film polymer and form the soft film substrate having the nano/micro-pattern corresponding to the transfer pattern; and
performing a rolling-over process to separate the soft film substrate from the surface of the mother film.
12. The fabrication method according to claim 11 , wherein the mother film is selected from a group consisting of a silicon-based substrate, a glass substrate, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a high molecular polymer, and any combination thereof.
13. The fabrication method according to claim 10 , wherein each of the conformations is selected from a group consisting of a planar structure, a depressed structure, a protruding structure, and any combination thereof.
14. The fabrication method according to claim 10 , wherein the soft film substrate is a thermal curing material or an ultraviolet (UV)-curing material.
15. The fabrication method according to claim 10 , wherein the soft film substrate is independently selected from a group consisting of PDMS, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, and any combination thereof.
16. The fabrication method according to claim 10 , wherein the nano/micro thin wire is selected from a group consisting of silicon, silicon dioxide, a high molecular polymer, and any combination thereof.
17. The fabrication method according to claim 10 , wherein a diameter of the nano/micro thin wire falls between 10 nanometers (nm) and 100 micrometers (μm).
18. The fabrication method according to claim 10 , wherein the nano/micro thin wire comprises at least one dopant, the dopant is independently selected from a group consisting of a metal element, a luminescent molecule, a luminescent atom, and any combination thereof, and the dopant has a property of gaining a laser energy.
19. The fabrication method according to claim 10 , further comprising: performing a packaging process to package and combine the nano/micro thin wires with the conformations by using a packaging material, wherein the packaging material is a thermal curing material or a UV-curing material.
20. The fabrication method according to claim 10 , further comprising:
providing an interface agent to reduce an adhesion force between the soft film substrate and the nano/micro thin wires, wherein the interface agent is a volatile liquid; and
providing a manipulation tool, wherein the manipulation tool comprises:
a tungsten needle, for contacting and moving the nano/micro thin wires; and
a multiple-degree-of-freedom (m-DOF) micro-positioning platform, connected to the tungsten needle, and used for moving the tungsten needle, so as to correspondingly move and dispose the nano/micro thin wires in the conformations by using the tungsten needle, wherein the m-DOF micro-positioning platform has multiple DOFs of X, Y, Z, θx, etc.