CROSSLINKED POLYMER COMPOSITION
A polymer composition that includes a first polyolefin polymer and an interpenetrating network polymer. The interpenetrating network polymer includes a second polyolefin polymer present in an amount of from 10 percent by weight to 80 percent by weight, based on total weight of the interpenetrating network polymer, and a vinyl aromatic polymer present in an amount of from 20 percent by weight to 90 percent by weight, based on total weight of the interpenetrating network polymer. As initially provided in the polymer composition, the interpenetrating network polymer is substantially free of crosslinking. The polymer composition itself is at least partially crosslinked. An expandable polymer composition is provided that includes the polymer composition and an expansion agent, which can be expanded to form an expanded polymer composition that can have a density of from 16 to 400 Kg/m 3 .
1 . A polymer composition comprising:
(a) a first polyolefin polymer; and
(b) an interpenetrating network polymer comprising,
(i) a second polyolefin polymer present in an amount of from 10 percent by weight to 80 percent by weight, based on total weight of said interpenetrating network polymer, and
(ii) a vinyl aromatic polymer present in an amount of from 20 percent by weight to 90 percent by weight, based on total weight of said interpenetrating network polymer,
wherein, as initially provided in said polymer composition, said interpenetrating network polymer is substantially free of crosslinking,
wherein said polymer composition is at least partially crosslinked.
2 . The polymer composition according to claim 1 , wherein the first polyolefin comprises one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of homopolymers of any C 2 -C 8 linear or branched α-olefin; copolymers of ethylene and C 3 -C 8 α-olefins; copolymers of C 2 -C 8 linear or branched α-olefins and vinyl acetate; copolymers of one or more C 2 -C 8 linear or branched α-olefins and C 1 -C 8 linear or branched alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid; and combinations thereof.
3 . The polymer composition according to claim 1 , wherein the first polyolefin comprises a copolymer of ethylene and ethyl (meth)acrylate.
4 . The polymer composition according to claim 1 , wherein the first polyolefin comprises a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate.
5 . The polymer composition according to claim 1 , wherein the first polyolefin comprises a combination of two or more polymers selected from the group consisting of ethylene homopolymers, copolymers of ethylene and C 3 -C 8 α-olefins, copolymer of ethylene and ethyl (meth)acrylate, copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate, and combinations thereof.
6 . The polymer composition according to claim 1 , wherein the melt index of the first polyolefin is from about 0.1 to about 35 g/10 minutes, as determine according to ASTM D 1238 (190° C./2.16 Kg).
7 . The polymer composition according to claim 1 , wherein the melt index of the first polyolefin is less than 1 g/10 minutes, as determine according to ASTM D 1238 (190° C./2.16 Kg).
8 . The polymer composition of claim 1 comprising an elastomeric polymer.
9 . The polymer composition of claim 8 , wherein said elastomeric polymer is selected from the group consisting of natural rubbers, nitrile rubbers, butyl rubbers, polysulfide rubbers, silicone rubbers, styrene-butadiene rubbers, halosilicone rubbers, polyurethane rubbers, thermoplastic olefin rubbers, ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers (EPDM), polyisoprene, oxirane based elastomers, vinyl aromatic-alkyldiene block copolymers, styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymers, polyhaloprenes, fluoropolymers and combinations thereof.
10 . The polymer composition of claim 8 , wherein said elastomeric polymer is selected from the group consisting of ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers, vinyl aromatic-alkyldiene block copolymers and combinations thereof.
11 . The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein said second polyolefin polymer of said interpenetrating network polymer is a second polyethylene polymer.
12 . The polymer composition of claim 11 , wherein said second polyethylene polymer is prepared from ethylene and a comonomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, C 3 -C 20 α-olefin, C 1 -C 8 linear or branched alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid; maleic anhydride, dialkyl esters of maleic acid, vinyl aromatic monomers, and combinations thereof.
13 . The polymer composition of claim 12 , wherein said comonomer is selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, C 3 -C 8 α-olefin, C 1 -C 8 linear or branched alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, and combinations thereof.
14 . The polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein said vinyl aromatic polymer of said interpenetrating network polymer is prepared from a vinyl aromatic monomer composition comprising,
a vinyl aromatic monomer present in an amount of
from 70 percent by weight to 99 percent by weight, based on total weight of said vinyl aromatic monomer composition, and
a comonomer present in an amount of from 1 percent by
weight to 30 percent by weight, based on total weight of said vinyl aromatic monomer composition.
15 . The polymer composition of claim 14 , wherein said vinyl aromatic monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, α-methylstyrene, para-methylstyrene, ethylstyrene, chlorostyrene, bromostyrene, vinyltoluene, vinylbenzene, isopropylxylene and combinations thereof.
16 . The polymer composition of claim 14 wherein said comonomer, of said vinyl aromatic monomer composition, comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 8 linear or branched alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid.
17 . The polymer composition of claim 14 wherein said vinyl aromatic monomer is styrene and said comonomer is butyl acrylate.
18 . The polymer composition of claim 1 wherein said polymer composition has a crosslink density of from 20 to 60 percent by weight, based on total weight of said polymer composition.
19 . The polymer composition of claim 1 wherein said polymer composition is crosslinked by a crosslinking agent selected from at least one organic peroxide.
20 . The polymer composition of claim 19 wherein said organic peroxide is selected from the group consisting of dicumylperoxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(t-butylperoxy)-hexane, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(t-butylperoxy)hexyne-3,1,-bis(t-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexane, 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-di(peroxy)benzoate, 1,3-bis(t-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(peroxybenzoyl)hexyne, 1,1-di-(t-butylperoxy)-cyclohexane, 2,2′-bis(t-butylperoxy)diisopropylbenzene, 4,4′-bis(t-butylperoxy)butylvalerate, t-butylperbenzoate, t-butylperterephthalate, t-butylperoxide and combinations thereof.
21 . The polymer composition of claim 1 wherein said polymer composition is crosslinked by exposure of said polymer composition to a high energy radiation source.
22 . The polymer composition of claim 1 wherein said first polyolefin polymer is present in an amount of from 30 to 90 percent by weight, and said interpenetrating network polymer is present in an amount of from 10 to 70 percent by weight, in each case the percent weight being based on the total weight of said polymer composition.
23 . An expandable polymer composition comprising:
(a) a first polyolefin polymer; and
(b) an interpenetrating network polymer comprising,
(i) a second polyolefin polymer present in an amount of from 10 percent by weight to 80 percent by weight, based on total weight of said interpenetrating network polymer, and
(ii) a vinyl aromatic polymer present in an amount of from 20 percent by weight to 90 percent by weight, based on total weight of said interpenetrating network polymer,
wherein, as initially provided in said expandable polymer composition, said interpenetrating network polymer is substantially free of crosslinking; and
(c) an expansion agent selected from the group consisting of physical expansion agents, chemical expansion agents and combinations thereof,
wherein said expandable polymer composition is at least partially crosslinked.
24 . The expandable polymer composition of claim 23 , wherein said physical expansion agent is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbon, cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon, halogenated hydrocarbon and combinations thereof.
25 . The expandable polymer composition of claim 23 , wherein said physical expansion agent is selected from the group consisting of propane, butane, pentane, hexane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, methylene chloride, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane, chlorodifluoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane and combinations thereof.
26 . The expandable polymer composition of claim 23 wherein said expansion agent is said chemical expansion agent which is selected from the group consisting of azo compounds, N-nitroso compounds, semicarbazides, sulfonyl hydrazides, carbonates, bicarbonates and combinations thereof.
27 . An expanded polymer composition comprising:
(a) a first polyolefin polymer; and
(b) an interpenetrating network polymer comprising,
(i) a second polyolefin polymer present in an amount of from 10 percent by weight to 80 percent by weight, based on total weight of said interpenetrating network polymer, and
(ii) a vinyl aromatic polymer present in an amount of from 20 percent by weight to 90 percent by weight, based on total weight of said interpenetrating network polymer,
wherein, as initially provided in said expanded polymer composition, said interpenetrating network polymer is substantially free of crosslinking,
wherein said expanded polymer composition is at least partially crosslinked, and has a density of from 16 to 400 Kg/m 3 .
28 . The expanded polymer composition of claim 27 , wherein said expanded polymer composition has a crosslink density of from 20 to 60 percent by weight, based on total weight of said expanded polymer composition.
29 . An article of manufacture comprising the expanded polymer composition according to claim 27 .
30 . The article of manufacture according to claim 29 , wherein the article is selected from the group consisting of films, sheets, multilayer films including one or more nonpolymeric layers, multilayer sheets including one or more nonpolymeric layers, personal protective articles, internal cabin structures, floor underlayments, sound insulating articles, toys, yoga mats, gaskets, and shoe parts.
31 . An expanded polymer composition comprising:
(a) from 30 to 90 percent by weight based on the expanded polymer composition of a first polyolefin polymer selected from the group consisting of ethylene homopolymers, copolymers of ethylene and C 3 -C 8 α-olefins, copolymer of ethylene and ethyl (meth)acrylate, copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate, and combinations thereof; and
(b) from 10 to 70 percent by weight based on the expanded polymer composition of an interpenetrating network polymer comprising,
(i) a second polyolefin polymer present in an amount of from 10 percent by weight to 80 percent by weight, based on the weight of said interpenetrating network polymer, and
(ii) a vinyl aromatic polymer present in an amount of from 20 percent by weight to 90 percent by weight, based on the weight of said interpenetrating network polymer;
wherein said second polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of ethylene homopolymers, copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate, copolymers of ethylene and C 3 -C 8 α-olefins, copolymers of ethylene and C 1 -C 8 linear or branched alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, and combinations thereof; and
wherein said vinyl aromatic polymer is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, copolymers of styrene and C 1 -C 8 linear or branched alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, and combinations thereof; and
wherein said expanded polymer composition is at least partially crosslinked and has a crosslink density of from 20 to 60 percent by weight, based on the weight of said expanded polymer composition; and
wherein said expanded polymer composition has a density of from 16 to 400 Kg/m 3 .
32 . An article of manufacture comprising the expanded polymer composition according to claim 31 .
33 . The article of manufacture according to claim 32 , wherein the article is selected from the group consisting of films, sheets, multilayer films including one or more nonpolymeric layers, multilayer sheets including one or more nonpolymeric layers, personal protective articles, internal cabin structures, floor underlayments, sound insulating articles toys, yoga mats, gaskets, and shoe parts.
34 . A method of producing an expanded polymer composition in a shorter period of time comprising:
forming a polymer blend by combining
(a) a first polyolefin polymer;
(b) an interpenetrating network polymer comprising,
(i) a second polyolefin polymer present in an amount of from 10 percent by weight to 80 percent by weight, based on total weight of said interpenetrating network polymer, and
(ii) a vinyl aromatic polymer present in an amount of from 20 percent by weight to 90 percent by weight, based on total weight of said interpenetrating network polymer,
(c) one or more crosslinking agents; and
(d) one or more foaming agents;
forming a first foamed polymer composition by placing the polymer blend in a press at a temperature of from 240 to 320° F. and 250 to 2,500 psi for 20 to 90 minutes; and
forming a final foamed polymer composition by placing the first foamed polymer composition in a press at a temperature of from 300 to 380° F. and 250 to 1,500 psi for 15 to 320 minutes;
wherein the cycle time required to produce the present expanded polymer composition is at least 5% less than the time required to produce an expanded composition containing the same ingredients as the present expanded polymer composition except for the interpenetrating network polymer.