Method and system for the optical measurement of large radii of curvature of optical functional surfaces
The system and the method of the present invention differ from the prior art in that radii of curvature of any length of spherical and cylindrical test surfaces can be optically measured, with only a supplementary dual-focus lens being required in addition to an interferometer or an autocollimator. The supplementary dual-focus lens has a first focal plane, into which the surface vertex of the test surface is positioned, which establishes the cat's eye position (P(cat)), and a second focal plane into which the center of curvature of the test surface is moved, which establishes the autocollimation position (P(aut)) for the test surface. The radius of curvature of the test surface is determined from the distance between the focal planes (D(foc)) and the path of movement which can be reduced to zero.
1. A system for optically measuring large radii of curvature of optical functional surfaces, comprising an interferometer and a supplementary lens disposed downstream in the beam direction to fit a plane wavefront of a test wave transmitted by said interferometer to a specified curvature of a nominal surface for a test surface,
a mount for a specimen,
a mechanism for moving the mount along an optical axis of the supplementary lens, and
a path measuring system for measuring a path of movement,
said supplementary lens being a supplementary dual-focus lens having a second focal plane in a focus position disposed at a distance (D(foc)) from a first focal plane, and
said mount being positioned such that a surface vertex of a test surface of said specimen in the mount is located in the first focal plane, thereby establishing a cat's eye position,
said mount being moveable by a path of movement to move a center of curvature of the test surface into the focus position, which establishes an autocollimation position.
2. The system as in claim 1 , wherein said interferometer is replaced with an autocollimator.
3. The system as in claim 1 , wherein said supplementary dual-focus lens is constructed of refractive optical elements.
4. The system as in claim 1 , wherein said supplementary dual-focus lens is constructed of diffractive optical elements.
5. The system as in claim 1 , wherein said supplementary dual-focus lens is constructed of a combination of refractive and diffractive optical elements.
6. The system as in claim 1 , wherein the distance (D(foc)) corresponds to the radius of curvature of the nominal surface for a test surface.
7. The system as in claim 1 , wherein said supplementary dual-focus lens has focal points in the focal planes so as to allow the measurement of spherical test surfaces.
8. The system as in claim 1 , wherein said supplementary dual-focus lens has focal lines in the focal planes so as to allow the measurement of cylindrical test surfaces.
9. A method of optically measuring large radii of curvature of optical functional surfaces in which collimated light from a source is transformed by a supplementary lens into a test wave, that the transformed test wave is reflected back into itself on a specimen in that, on the one hand, a vertex of the test surface is positioned in a focal plane of the supplementary lens and, on the other hand, a center of curvature of the test surface is made to coincide with said focal plane, and that a path of movement between the two positions of the test surface is determined, comprising forming two test waves, each test wave having a focal plane,
said focal planes being positioned at a specified distance from each other,
that a vertex of the test surface is disposed in a first focal plane, which establishes a cat's eye position, and
subsequently moving the center of curvature into a second focal plane, which causes the test surface to be moved into an autocollimation position, and
a radius of curvature of the test surface is calculated from the path of movement and a distance (D(foc)).
10. A method as in claim 9 , wherein at first the center of curvature of the test surface is disposed in said second focal plane and subsequently the vertex of the test surface is disposed in the first focal plane.
11. A method as in claim 9 , wherein the collimated light is transformed by an interferometer into a test wave with a curved wavefront, the curvature of which corresponds to a nominal surface of the test surface and a reference wave is superimposed onto the two test waves that are reflected into themselves so as to generate an interferogram.
12. A method as in claim 9 , wherein the collimated light is emitted by an autocollimator and the two test waves that are reflected into themselves influence the imaging sharpness of a fiducial mark of the autocollimator.
13. A method as in claim 9 , wherein the two test waves are focused at a distance D(foc) that corresponds to a nominal radius of curvature of the test surface of a specimen, which reduces a movement to a deviation of the actual radius of curvature of the test surface from the nominal radius of curvature or completely obviates such a movement.