Bipropellants based on chosen salts
Advanced bipropellant fuels with fast ignition upon mixing with storable oxidizer (N 2 O 4 , nitric acid) have been synthesized and demonstrated. The bipropellant fuels are based upon salts containing dicyanamide or tricyanomethanide anions and employ at least two hydrazine functionalities in the cations.
1. A hypergolic bipropellant comprising:
a) an ionic liquid fuel comprising:
(1) an open chain alkylhydrazidium cation having at least two hydrazine moieties; and
(2) a dicyanamide anion; and
b) nitrogen tetroxide operable as an oxidizer.
2. The hypergolic bipropellant of claim 1 , wherein the ionic liquid fuel is synthesized according to a reaction:
R is selected from the group consisting of H, NH 2 , alkyl, alkenyl, alkylnyl, cycloalkyl, azidoalkyl, cyanoalkyl, aminoalkyl, and hydrazinoalkyl, and X is chloride, bromide, or iodide.
3. The hypergolic bipropellant of claim 1 , wherein the open chain alkylhydrazidium cation has a formula:
R is selected from the group consisting of H, NH 2 , alkyl, alkenyl, alkylnyl, cycloalkyl, azidoalkyl, cyanoalkyl, aminoalkyl, and hydrazinoalkyl.
4. A hypergolic bipropellant comprising:
a) an ionic liquid fuel comprising:
(1) an open chain alkylhydrazidium cation having at least two hydrazine moieties; and
(2) a dicyanamide anion; and
b) nitric acid operable as an oxidizer.
5. The hypergolic bipropellant of claim 4 , wherein the ionic liquid fuel is synthesized according to a reaction:
R is selected from the group consisting of H, NH 2 , alkyl, alkenyl, alkylnyl, cycloalkyl, azidoalkyl, cyanoalkyl, aminoalkyl, and hydrazinoalkyl, and X is chloride, bromide, or iodide.
6. The hypergolic bipropellant of claim 4 , wherein the open chain alkylhydrazidium cation has a formula:
R is selected from the group consisting of H, NH 2 , alkyl, alkenyl, alkylnyl, cycloalkyl, azidoalkyl, cyanoalkyl, aminoalkyl, and hydrazinoalkyl.