Method for controlling fuel of a spark ignited engine while regenerating a particulate filter
A system for filtering and oxidizing particulate matter produced by a gasoline direct injection engine is disclosed. In one embodiment, engine cylinder air-fuel is adjusted to allow soot to oxidize at an upstream particulate filter while exhaust gases are efficiently processed in a downstream catalyst.
1. A method for adjusting fuel supplied to a spark ignited engine, comprising:
providing a first air-fuel mixture that repeatedly cycles between rich and lean conditions, said first air-fuel mixture substantially stoichiometric on average over a number of cylinder cycles while not actively regenerating a particulate filter during a first operating condition; and
providing a second air-fuel mixture that repeatedly cycles between rich and lean conditions, said second air-fuel mixture lean of stoichiometry on average over a number of cylinder cycles while actively regenerating said particulate filter during a second operating condition, said second operating condition different from said first operating condition.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein actively regenerating said particulate filter includes adjusting said air-fuel mixture lean to increase a rate of soot oxidation.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising adjusting said air-fuel mixture lean of stoichiometry in response to a concentration of oxygen in an exhaust stream that is downstream of said particulate filter during said first operating condition.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein said second operating condition is an amount of a pressure drop across said particulate filter.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said second operating condition further includes an engine temperature exceeding a threshold value, the method further comprising adjusting said air-fuel mixture lean of stoichiometry in response to a concentration of oxygen in an exhaust stream that is downstream of said particulate filter during said first operating condition, wherein said air-fuel mixture is leaned during said second operating condition over said number of cylinder cycles of stoichiometric by increasing a duration or number of cylinder combustion events at least one cylinder is operated with a lean air-fuel mixture.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said air-fuel mixture is leaned during said second operating condition over said number of cylinder cycles of stoichiometric by increasing a duration or number of cylinder combustion events at least one cylinder is operated with a lean air-fuel mixture, and wherein the particulate filter is coupled upstream of a three-way catalyst, and wherein the particulate filter is positioned downstream of two parallel three-way catalysts, the method further comprising determining an amount of soot held by the particulate filter as well as a soot oxidation rate, soot accumulation modeled as a mass from empirically determined test results, wherein the amount of soot held by the particulate filter is determined based on an amount of soot expelled by the engine at different engine speeds and loads, and wherein the oxidation rate of soot is determined from engine exhaust oxygen concentration and particulate filter temperature, the method further comprising determining whether or not to initiate regeneration of a particulate filter in response to operating conditions.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein a temperature of said particulate filter is increased by retarding spark timing of said spark ignited engine during said second operating condition.