Treating idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with comprising extracts of
The teachings provided herein generally relate to the preparation and uses of compositions comprising extracts of Astragalus membranaceus . The extracts are prepared from Astragalus membranaceus and can comprise, for example, an acid-modified arabinogalactan protein composition having an arabinose:galactose ratio ranging from about 3.5:1 to about 5.0:1, from about 5% to about 10% rhamnose, from about 15% to about 20% galactose, and from about 10% to about 15% glucose. The compositions can be used in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and the formulation of medicaments for such treatments.
1. A composition comprising a purified extract of the roots of Astragalus membranaceus , wherein the extract comprises:
an arabinose:galactose ratio greater than 4.0:1 to 5.0:1;
from about 5% to about 10% rhamnose;
from about 15% to about 20% galactose;
from about 10% to about 20% galacturonic acid;
not more than 2% by weight protein, and,
from about 10% to about 15% glucose;
wherein,
the extract is prepared using a first process that includes isolating a crude extract from Astragalus membranaceus and mildly treating the crude extract with an acid, the mildly treating including applying the acid to the crude extract at a concentration ranging from about 0.05M to about 0.5M, at a temperature ranging from about 15° C. to 25° C., and for a time ranging from about 1 hour to about 24 hours, wherein the temperature and time for applying the acid are selected to obtain the arabinose:galactose ratio, the galactose content, the glucose content, and a high yield; and,
the extract is substantially higher in yield than an extract of the Astragalus membranaceus produced using a second process that includes applying the acid to the crude extract at a temperature and time selected to obtain an arabinose:galactose ratio of less than 3.5:1, 20%-35% galactose, and less than about 10% glucose.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the Astragalus membranaceus is A. membranaceus Bge, var, mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao or A. membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the Astragalus membranaceus was grown in Inner Mongolia or Shanxi province, Peoples' Republic of China.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the roots are from Astragalus membranaceus plants that are about two years of age.
5. The composition of claim 1 having a weight-average molecular weight of at least 100 kiloDaltons.
6. The composition of claim 1 having at least 80% by weight.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the acid is trichloroacetic acid or hydrochloric acid.
8. The composition of claim 1 having a pH in aqueous solution ranging from about 4.5 to about 6.5.
9. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising an agent that stimulates hematopoiesis.
10. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising an agent selected from the group consisting of granulocyte colony stimulating factor, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, erythropoietin and erythropoiesis stimulating protein, thrombopoietin, and interleukin-3.
11. An aqueous injectable formulation comprising a therapeutically effective amount of the composition of claim 1 and an aqueous injectable excipient.
12. A method of preparing the extract of claim 1 comprising:
isolating a crude extract from Astragalus membranaceus and mildly treating the crude extract with an acid; and,
mildly treating including applying the acid to the crude extract at a concentration ranging from about 0.05M to about 0.5M, at a temperature ranging from about 15° C. to 25° C., and for a time ranging from about 1 hour to about 24 hours, wherein the temperature and time for applying the acid are selected to obtain an arabinose:galactose ratio greater than 4.0:1 to 5.0:1; from about 5% to about 10% rhamnose; from about 15% to about 20% galactose; from about 10% to about 20% galacturonic acid; from about 10% to about 15% glucose and having not more than 2% by weight protein.