Reinforced bonded abrasive tools
Bonded abrasive tools, e.g., grinding wheels, can be reinforced using, for instance, one or more fiberglass web(s) having a surface of glass per unit of at least 0.2. Alternatively or in addition, the fiberglass web has a thickness of 2 mm or less. The web can be designed to provide improved adhesion between the fiberglass reinforcement and the mixture employed to form the bonded abrasive tool. In some examples, the middle reinforcement at the neutral zone of the wheel can be eliminated or minimized.
1. A bonded abrasive wheel comprising:
a disc shaped body, the disc shaped body comprising:
a neutral axis lying along a central plane of the disc shaped body;
an arbor hole extending through the body;
a generally flat first face extending from the arbor hole to a wheel outer diameter;
a generally flat second face extending from the arbor hole to the wheel outer diameter opposite the first face;
a non-grinding zone adjacent to the arbor hole between the first face and the second face;
a grinding zone extending from the non-grinding zone to a wheel outer diameter along the first face and the second face;
a first reinforcement layer between the neutral axis and the first face;
a second reinforcement layer between the neutral axis and the second face opposite the first reinforcement layer, wherein one or more of said reinforcements are fiberglass webs, and
wherein the fiberglass web is coated with a sizing system and a second coating that excludes wax.
2. A bonded abrasive wheel comprising:
a disc shaped body, the disc shaped body comprising:
a neutral axis lying along a central plane of the disc shaped body;
an arbor hole extending through the body;
a generally flat first face extending from the arbor hole to a wheel outer diameter;
a generally flat second face extending from the arbor hole to the wheel outer diameter opposite the first face;
a non-grinding zone adjacent to the arbor hole between the first face and the second face;
a grinding zone extending from the non-grinding zone to a wheel outer diameter along the first face and the second face;
a first reinforcement layer between the neutral axis and the first face;
a second reinforcement layer between the neutral axis and the second face opposite the first reinforcement layer, wherein one or more of said reinforcements are fiberglass webs, and wherein the fiberglass web is produced by partially curing a second coating applied to the fiberglass web.
3. A bonded abrasive wheel comprising:
a disc shaped body, the disc shaped body comprising:
a neutral axis lying along a central plane of the disc shaped body;
an arbor hole extending through the body;
a generally flat first face extending from the arbor hole to a wheel outer diameter;
a generally flat second face extending from the arbor hole to the wheel outer diameter opposite the first face:
a non-grinding zone adjacent to the arbor hole between the first face and the second face;
a grinding zone extending from the non-grinding zone to a wheel outer diameter along the first face and the second face;
a first reinforcement layer between the neutral axis and the first face;
a second reinforcement layer between the neutral axis and the second face opposite the first reinforcement layer, wherein one or more of said reinforcements are fiberglass webs, and wherein at least 99% of the fiber interface surfaces are coated with the second coating.
4. A bonded abrasive tool comprising one or more fiberglass webs, wherein at least one fiberglass web has a fiberglass surface per unit area that is no greater than about 0.95, and wherein the at least one fiberglass web has a second coating that excludes wax or a second coating produced by a process in which polymeric materials present in the second coating are partially crosslinked.
5. The bonded abrasive tool of claim 4 , wherein the at least one fiberglass web has a fiberglass surface per unit area within the range of from about 0.2 and about 0.95.
6. A method for producing a bonded abrasive article, the method comprising:
a. combining abrasive grains and a bonding material to prepare a mixture;
b. molding the mixture into a green body that includes at least one fiberglass reinforcement; and
c. curing the bonding material to produce the bonded abrasive article, wherein (i) the fiberglass reinforcement is coated with a second coating that does not include wax, is partially cross-linked or both; or (ii) the fiberglass reinforcement has a fiberglass surface density that is no greater than 0.95, wherein at least 99 percent of fiberglass interface surfaces are coated with the second coating.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the fiberglass reinforcement has a surface density within a range of from about 0.2 to about 0.95.
8. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 1 , further comprising a third reinforcement layer lying along the neutral axis, wherein the third reinforcement does layer not extend through the grinding zone.
9. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 1 , further comprising a third reinforcement layer lying along the neutral axis, wherein the third reinforcement layer at least partially extends through the grinding zone.
10. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 1 , further comprising a third reinforcement layer lying along the neutral axis, wherein the third reinforcement layer has a diameter that is at least 80 percent of the wheel outer diameter.
11. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 1 , wherein the wheel has a diameter to thickness ratio within the range of from about 200:3 and about 100:1.
12. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 1 , wherein the wheel has a thickness within the range of from about 12 mm to about 16 mm and the first and second reinforcements are apart from each other by a distance within the range of from about 2 mm to about 10 mm.
13. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 1 , wherein the wheel has a bending strength of about 75 MPa.
14. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 1 , comprising abrasive grains selected from the group consisting of fused alumina-zirconia abrasives and alundum abrasives, a bond including phenolic resins and a filler.
15. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 1 , wherein the fiberglass web has a fiberglass surface per unit area that is within the range of from about 0.2 to about 0.95.
16. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 2 , further comprising a third reinforcement layer lying along the neutral axis, wherein the third reinforcement does layer not extend through the grinding zone.
17. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 2 , further comprising a third reinforcement layer lying along the neutral axis, wherein the third reinforcement layer at least partially extends through the grinding zone.
18. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 2 , further comprising a third reinforcement layer lying along the neutral axis, wherein the third reinforcement layer has a diameter that is at least 80 percent of the wheel outer diameter.
19. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 2 , wherein the wheel has a diameter to thickness ratio within the range of from about 200:3 and about 100:1.
20. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 2 , wherein the wheel has a thickness within the range of from about 12 mm to about 16 mm and the first and second reinforcements are apart from each other by a distance within the range of from about 2 mm to about 10 mm.
21. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 2 , wherein the wheel has a bending strength of about 75 MPa.
22. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 2 , comprising abrasive grains selected from the group consisting of fused alumina-zirconia abrasives and alundum abrasives, a bond including phenolic resins and a filler.
23. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 2 , wherein the fiberglass web has a fiberglass surface per unit area that is within the range of from about 0.2 to about 0.95.
24. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 3 , further comprising a third reinforcement layer lying along the neutral axis, wherein the third reinforcement does layer not extend through the grinding zone.
25. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 3 , further comprising a third reinforcement layer lying along the neutral axis, wherein the third reinforcement layer at least partially extends through the grinding zone.
26. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 3 , further comprising a third reinforcement layer lying along the neutral axis, wherein the third reinforcement layer has a diameter that is at least 80 percent of the wheel outer diameter.
27. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 3 , wherein the wheel has a diameter to thickness ratio within the range of from about 200:3 and about 100:1.
28. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 3 , wherein the wheel has a thickness within the range of from about 12 mm to about 16 mm and the first and second reinforcements are apart from each other by a distance within the range of from about 2 mm to about 10 mm.
29. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 3 , wherein the wheel has a bending strength of about 75 MPa.
30. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 3 , comprising abrasive grains selected from the group consisting of fused alumina-zirconia abrasives and alundum abrasives, a bond including phenolic resins and a filler.
31. The bonded abrasive wheel of claim 3 , wherein the fiberglass web has a fiberglass surface per unit area that is within the range of from about 0.2 to about 0.95.