Pulse detonation engine operating with an air-fuel mixture
The invention relates to a pulse detonation engine operating with an air-fuel mixture. According to the invention, the engine ( 1 ) includes at least two predetonation tubes ( 4, 5 ) which operate under conditions close to thermal cutoff conditions and the shock waves from which are focused in the combustion chamber ( 19 ).
1. An engine with pulsed detonations and controlled ignition, operating on an explosive air-fuel mixture and comprising:
a combustion chamber closed at one of its ends by a thrust wall, and
at least two predetonation tubes provided with low-energy ignition unit and in communication with said combustion chamber via one of their ends opening into said combustion chamber facing said thrust wall, the arrangement of said predetonation tubes being such that the waves traveling through them are reflected by said thrust wall into said combustion chamber, wherein:
in said predetonation tubes, the flames are brought into a state of propagation close to the conditions of thermal blockage without seeking to attain detonation regime;
detonation of said explosive mixture contained in said combustion chamber is initiated at a point of said combustion chamber which is raised to a very high pressure and a very high temperature by the shockwaves generated in said predetonation tubes, then reflected off and focused by said thrust wall at said point, and
each predetonation tube comprises successive internal obstracles each defining a blockage ratio, wherein said blockage ratio decreases from said low-energy ignition unit as far as each of said ends of said predetonation tube.
2. The engine as claimed in claim 1 , wherein each predetonation tube is open at its opposite end to the facing end that faces said thrust wall, and said low-energy ignition unit is positioned at an intermediate point between the opposite end and the facing end.
3. The engine as claimed in claim 1 , wherein said low-energy ignition unit comprises, for each predetonation tube, two diametrically opposed igniter plugs.
4. The engine as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, on each side of said ignition unit, in zones adjacent thereto, the blockage ratio is high, of the order of 0.58 or higher.
5. The engine as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, in the zones adjacent to the opposite end and the facing end of each predetonation tube, the blockage ratio is low, of the order of 0.25.
6. The engine as claimed in claim 4 , wherein, between the zones adjacent to said ignition unit and the zones adjacent to the opposite end and the facing end, the blockage ratio is medium, of the order of 0.44.
7. The engine as claimed in claim 1 , wherein it comprises two predetonation tubes in lateral positions that are diametrically opposed with respect to said combustion chamber.