Refined routes to chlorin building blocks
A method of making chlorins comprises the steps of reacting (e.g. condensing) a dipyrrin western half intermediate with an eastern half intermediate to form a tetrahydrobilene, and then cyclizing the tetrahydrobilene to form a chlorin. Intermediates including tetrahydrobilenes useful in such reactions are also described.
1. A compound of Formula WH:
wherein:
X 1 is selected from the group consisting of N, O, S, Se, Te, and CH;
S 1 , S 2 , S 7 , S 8 , S 9 , S 12 , S 13 , and S 14 are independently selected from the group consisting of H, aryl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, alkoxy, alkylthio, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroaryl, pyridyl, cyano, thiocyanato, nitro, amino, alkylamino, acyl, sulfoxyl, sulfonyl, imido, amido, and carbamoyl;
at least one of S 1 and S 2 is selected from the group consisting of Q, aryl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, alkoxy, alkylthio, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroaryl, pyridyl, cyano, thiocyanato, nitro, amino, alkylamino, acyl, sulfoxyl, sulfonyl, imido, amido, and carbamoyl;
and wherein from one to two of S 1 , S 2 , S 7 , S 8 , S 9 , S 12 , S 13 , and S 14 may optionally be independently selected linking groups Q, wherein said linking groups Q are of the formula:
wherein:
n is from 0 to 10;
R 3 may be present or absent;
R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of ethene, ethyne, aryl, and heteroaryl groups, which aryl and heteroaryl groups may be unsubstituted or substituted one or more times with H, aryl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, alkoxy, alkylthio, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroaryl, pyridyl, cyano, thiocyanato, nitro, amino, alkylamino, acyl, sulfoxyl, sulfonyl, imido, amido, and carbamoyl; and
Y is a protected or unprotected reactive substituent selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, thio, seleno, telluro, ester, carboxylic acid, boronic acid, phenol, silane, sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid, alkylthiol, formyl, halo, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkyl phosphonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl carboxylate, and alkyl boronate groups;
subject to the proviso that S 1 and S 2 are not simultaneously alkyl.
2. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein S 1 is selected from the group consisting of Q, aryl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, alkoxy, alkylthio, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroaryl, pyridyl, cyano, thiocyanato, nitro, amino, alkylamino, acyl, sulfoxyl, sulfonyl, imido, amido, and carbamoyl.
3. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein S 2 is selected from the group consisting of Q, aryl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, alkoxy, alkylthio, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroaryl, pyridyl, cyano, thiocyanato, nitro, amino, alkylamino, acyl, sulfoxyl, sulfonyl, imido, amido, and carbamoyl.
4. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein S 1 is a linking group Q.
5. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein S 2 is a linking group Q.
6. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein K 1 is selected from the group consisting of N, O, S, Se and Te.
7. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein K 1 is N.
8. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein S 1 , S 2 , S 7 , S 8 , S 9 , S 12 , S 13 , and S 14 are all alkyl.
9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein said compound has the formula:
10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of ethene, ethyne, and aryl, which aryl and groups may be unsubstituted or substituted one or more times with H, aryl, phenyl, cycloalkyl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, halogen, alkoxy, alkylthio, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroaryl, pyridyl, cyano, thiocyanato, nitro, amino, alkylamino, acyl, sulfoxyl, sulfonyl, imido, amido, and carbamoyl.