Impact modification of thermoplastics with ethylene/α-olefin interpolymers
Impact modified compositions having good impact performance can be made from a thermoplastic (e.g., a polyolefin such as polypropylene or HDPE) and a multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer. The compositions are easily molded and often have particular utility in making, for example, automotive facia, parts and other household articles.
1. An impact modified composition comprising:
A) a thermoplastic polymer composition; and
B) an impact-modifying amount of a multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer comprising hard segments and soft segments,
wherein the amount of the hard segments is at least 30 weight percent to 70 weight percent, based on the total weight of the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer, the hard segments having greater than 95 weight percent units derived from ethylene, the soft segments having from 8 mole percent to 45 mole percent α-olefin content and wherein the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is polymerized in the presence of a chain shuttling agent and;
(a) has a Mw/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, at least one melting point, Tm, in degrees Celsius, and a density, d, in grams/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Tm and d correspond to the relationship:
T m >−2002.9+4538.5( d )−2422.2( d ) 2 ; and either
(b) has a Mw/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, and is characterized by a heat of fusion, ΔH in J/g, and a delta quantity, ΔT, in degrees Celsius defined as the temperature difference between the tallest DSC peak and the tallest CRYSTAF peak, wherein the numerical values of ΔT and ΔH have the following relationships:
Δ T >−0.1299(Δ H )+62.81 for Δ H greater than zero and up to 130 J/g,
Δ T ≧48° C. for Δ H greater than 130J/g,
wherein the CRYSTAF peak is determined using at least 5 percent of the cumulative polymer and if less than 5 percent of the polymer has an identifiable CRYSTAF peak, then the CRYSTAF temperature is 30° C.; or
(c) is characterized by and elastic recovery, Re, in percent at 300 percent strain and 1 cycle measured with a compression-molded film of the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer, and has a density, d, in grams/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Re and d satisfy the following relationship when ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is substantially free of a cross-linked phrase:
Re> 1481−1629( d ); or
(d) has a molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a molar comonomer content of at least 5 percent higher than that of a comparable random ethylene interpolymer fraction eluting between the same temperatures, wherein said comparable random ethylene interpolymer has the same comonomer(s) and has a melt index, density, and molar comonomer content (based on the whole polymer) within 10 percent of that of the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer; or
(e) has at least one molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a block index of at least 0.5 and up to about 1; or
(f) has an average block index greater than zero and up to about 1.0; or
(g) has a storage modulus at 25° C., G′(25° C.), and a storage modulus at 100° C. G′(100° C.), wherein the ratio of G′(25° C.) to G′(100° C.) is in the range of about 1:1 to about 9:1.
2. The impact modified composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of the hard segment is from about 35 weight percent to about 70 weight percent, based on the total weight of the multi-block ethylene/αolefin interpolymer.
3. The impact modified composition of claim 1 , wherein the amount of the α-olefin monomer in the soft segment of the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is from about 12 mole percent to about 35 mole percent, based on the total amount of the α-olefin monomer and the ethylene monomer in the soft segment in mole.
4. The impact modified composition of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer composition comprises one or more polymers selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyvinyl chlorides, styrenics, hydrogenated styrenics, polynorbornene, polyethylene-co-norbornene, poly-4-methyl-pentene with one or more pre-grafted functional monomers, polyolefins, polycarbonates, thermoplastic polyester, polyamides, polyacetals, and polysulfones.
5. The impact modified composition of claim 1 , wherein the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has a Mw/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, and is characterized by a heat of fusion, ΔH in J/g, and a delta quantity, ΔT, in degrees Celsius defined as the temperature difference between the tallest DSC peak and the tallest CRYSTAF peak, wherein the numerical values of ΔT and ΔH have the following relationships:
Δ T >−0.1299(Δ H )+62.81 for ΔH greater than zero and up to 130 J/g,
Δ T ≧48° C. for Δ H greater than 130 J/g,
wherein the CRYSTAF peak is determined using at least 5 percent of the cumulative polymer, and if less than 5 percent of the polymer has an identifiable CRYSTAF peak, then the CRYSTAF temperature is 30° C.
6. The impact modified composition of claim 1 , wherein the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is characterized by an elastic recovery, Re, in percent at 300 percent strain and 1 cycle measured with a compression-molded film of the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer, and has a density, d, in grams/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Re and d satisfy the following relationship when ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is substantially free of a cross-linked phase: Re>1481-1629(d).
7. The impact modified composition of claim 1 , wherein the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has a molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a molar comonomer content of at least 5 percent higher than that of a comparable random ethylene interpolymer fraction eluting between the same temperatures, wherein said comparable random ethylene interpolymer has the same comonomer(s) and has a melt index, density, and molar comonomer content (based on the whole polymer) within 10 percent of that of the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer.
8. The impact modified composition of claim 1 , wherein the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has at least one molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a block index of at least 0.5 and up to about 1.
9. The impact modified composition of claim 1 , wherein the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has an average block index greater than zero and up to about 1.0.
10. The impact modified composition of claim 1 , wherein the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has a storage modulus at 25° C., G′(25° C.), and a storage modulus at 100° C., G′(100° C.), wherein the ratio of G′(25° C.) to G′(100° C.) is in the range of about 1:1 to about 9:1.
11. A fabricated article comprising the impact modified composition of claim 1 .
12. An impact modified composition comprising:
A) a propylene polymer; and
B) an impact-modifying amount of a multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer comprising hard segments and soft segments,
wherein the amount of the hard segments is at least 30 weight percent to 70 weight percent, based on the total weight of the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer, the hard segments having greater than 95 weight percent units derived from ethylene, the soft segments having from 8 mole percent to 45 mole percent α-olefin content and wherein the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is polymerized in the presence of a chain shuttering agent and
has a Mw/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, at least one melting point, Tm, in degrees Celsius, and density, d, in grams/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Tm and d correspond to the relationship:
T m >−2002.9+4538.5( d )−2422.2( d ) 2 ; and
wherein the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has an average block index greater than zero and up to about 1.0.
13. The impact modified composition of claim 12 , wherein the amount of the hard segment is from about 35 weight percent to about 70 weight percent, based on the total weight of the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer.
14. The impact modified composition of claim 12 , wherein the amount of the α-olefin monomer in the soft segment of the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is from about 12 mole percent to about 35 mole percent, based on the total amount of the α-olefin monomer and the ethylene monomer in the soft segment in mole.
15. The impact modified composition of claim 12 further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of slip agents, anti-blocking agents, cling additives, plasticizers, oils, waxes, antioxidants, UV stabilizers, colorants or pigments, fillers, flow aids, coupling agents, crosslinking agents, surfactants, solvents, lubricants, antifogging agents, nucleating agents, flame retardants, antistatic agents and combinations thereof.
16. An impact modified composition comprising:
A) a high density polyethylene; and
B) an impact-modifying amount of a multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer comprising hard segments and soft segments,
wherein the amount of the hard segments is at least 30 weight percent to 70 weight percent, based on the total weight of the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer, the soft segments having from 8 mole percent to 45 mole percent α-olefin content, and the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is polymerized in the presence of a chain shuttling agent, and
has a Mw/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, at least one melting point, Tm, in degrees Celsius, and a density, d, in grams/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Tm and d correspond to the relationship:
T m >−2002.9+4538.5( d )−2422.2( d ) 2 ; and
wherein the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer has an average block index greater than zero and up to about 1.0.
17. The impact modified composition of claim 16 , wherein the amount of hard segment is from about 35 weight percent to about 70 weight percent, based on the total weight of the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer.
18. The impact modified composition of claim 16 , wherein the amount of the α-olefin monomer in the soft segment of the multi-block ethylene/α-olefin interpolymer is from about 12 mole percent to about 35 mole percent, based on the total amount of the α-olefin monomer and the ethylene monomer in the soft segment in mole.
19. The impact modified composition of claim 16 further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of slip agents, anti-blocking agents, cling additives, plasticizers, oils, waxes, antioxidants, UV stabilizers, colorants or pigments, fillers, flow aids, coupling agents, crosslinking agents, surfactants, solvents, lubricants, antifogging agents, nucleating agents, flame retardants, antistatic agents and combinations thereof.