Method for detection and/or analysis of yeast and mold in filterable liquids
This invention is a process for preparing a food or beverage sample containing yeast or mold cells for analytical testing. The food sample is prepared into the form of a filterable liquid, and then filtered using a glass microfiber filter. The filter containing the fungal cell retentate is then placed into a disruption vessel and bead beaten until the glass microfiber filter is completely disrupted into glass fibers in suspension. An aliquot can then be tested directly using melting curve analysis of PCR amplification product derived from the nucleic acids of the sample to detect the presence of the fungal cells from the sample.
1. A process for preparing a sample comprising fungal cells for analytical testing of the nucleic acids of said fungal cells, comprising the steps of:
(i) preparing said sample in the form of a filterable liquid;
(ii) filtering said filterable liquid using a glass microfiber filter wherein said fungal cells from said sample form a retentate on said glass microfiber filter;
(iii) transferring said glass microfiber filter to a vessel suitable for disrupting said glass microfiber filter and said fungal cells by mechanical means;
(iv) simultaneously disrupting said fungal cells and said glass microfiber filter using mechanical means with a force sufficient to disrupt said glass microfiber filter into microscopic particles;
wherein said microscopic particles of said disrupted glass microfiber filter are not removed from the nucleic acids of said fungal cells of said sample prior to analytical testing; and
(v) analytically testing the disrupted fungal cells and glass microfiber filter of step (iv) using amplification and melting curve analysis of PCR amplification product derived from the nucleic acids of the sample.
2. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein said fungal cells are yeast or mold cells.
3. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein said sample is a food or beverage sample.
4. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein said glass microfiber filter has a 1.6 μm nominal pore size.
5. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein said vessel is a test tube or a microcentrifuge tube.
6. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein said mechanical means in step (iv) is bead beating.
7. The process as recited in claim 1 further comprising the step of enrichment of said sample for growth of said fungal cells, wherein said enrichment is carried out either a) prior to said filtering of said filterable liquid in step (ii) of claim 1 ; b) subsequent to said filtering of said filterable liquid in step (ii) of claim 1 but prior to said disrupting of said fungal cells in step (iv) of claim 1 ; or c) both prior to said filtering of said filterable liquid in step (ii) of claim 1 and subsequent to said filtering of said filterable liquid in step (ii) of claim 1 but prior to said disrupting of said fungal cells and said glass microfiber filter in step (iv) of claim 1 .
8. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein said simultaneous disrupting is accomplished by:
(i) providing beating beads and liquid into said disruption vessel; and
(ii) subjecting the contents of said disruption vessel to the force of a bead-mill for a period of time sufficient to disrupt said filter into suspended fibers.
9. The process as recited in claim 1 , wherein said filtering comprises vacuum filtration.
10. A process for preparing a food or beverage sample comprising fungal cells for melting curve analysis of PCR amplification products produced from the nucleic acids of said fungal cells, comprising the steps of:
a. preparing said sample in the form of a filterable liquid;
b. filtering said filterable liquid using vacuum filtration through a glass microfiber filter wherein said fungal cells from said sample form a retentate on said filter;
c. transferring said filter to a vessel suitable for disrupting said filter and said fungal cells using bead beating;
d. simultaneously disrupting said fungal cells and said filter by bead beating said vessel using a bead beater for a time period and a force sufficient to disrupt said filter into individual suspended glass fibers;
wherein said suspended glass fibers are not removed from the nucleic acid contents of said fungal cells of said sample prior to direct PCR analysis; and
e. analytically testing the disrupted fungal cells and glass microfiber filter of step d. using amplification and melting curve analysis of PCR amplification product derived from the nucleic acids of the sample.
11. The process as recited in claim 10 further comprising the step of enrichment of said sample for growth of said fungal cells, wherein said enrichment is carried out either a) prior to said filtering of said filterable liquid in step b of claim 10 ; b) subsequent to said filtering of said filterable liquid in step b of claim 10 but prior to said disrupting of said fungal cells in step d of claim 10 ; or c) both prior to said filtering of said filterable liquid in step b of claim 10 and subsequent to said filtering of said filterable liquid in step b of claim 10 but prior to said disrupting of said fungal cells and said filter in step d of claim 10 .