Virulent oncolytic herpes simplex virus strains engineered to counter the innate host response
The present invention relates to an avirulent, oncolytic herpes simplex virus modified from a wild-type herpes simplex virus so that both γ 1 34.5 genes of the virus have been deleted and each replaced with an interferon-resistance gene that is expressed as an immediate-early gene. The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition that includes the modified herpes simplex virus of the present invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle for in situ administration to tumor cells. Also provided in the present invention are methods for killing tumor cells in a subject and for immunizing a subject against an infectious disease, cancer, or an autoimmune disease that involve administering to a subject the modified avirulent, oncolytic herpes simplex virus of the present invention.
1. A method of immunizing a subject against an infectious disease, cancer, or an autoimmune disease, said method comprising:
administering to a subject a modified herpes simplex virus under conditions effective to immunize the subject against an infectious disease, cancer, or an autoimmune disease,
wherein the modified herpes simplex virus has an intact U S 12 gene and an endogenous U S 11 gene expressed as a late gene, and is modified from a wild-type herpes simplex virus with both γ 1 34.5 genes of the virus being deleted and U S 11 genes that are expressed as immediate-early (IE) genes being inserted in the γ 1 34.5 gene locus in place of both γ 1 34.5 genes.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the U S 11 genes are under control of a herpes simplex virus IE promoter.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the promoter is an α27 IE promoter.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modified herpes simplex virus further comprises an ICP 6-inactivating mutation.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wild-type herpes simplex virus is herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1).
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the HSV-1 is a strain selected from the group consisting of HSV-1 strain 17, strain KOS, strain F, strain Patton, and any clinical isolate thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the wild-type herpes simplex virus is herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2).
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the HSV-2 is a strain selected from the group consisting of HSV-2 strain G, strain HG52 and any clinical isolate thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the modified herpes simplex virus is administered by injection, infusion instillation or inhalation.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a mammal.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the mammal is a human.