Epoxy-paste adhesives resistant to wash-off
This invention relates to compositions useful as adhesives and more particularly to the preparation of heat-curable epoxy-based adhesive compositions that are resistant to being washed off substrate surfaces prior to being cured. The incorporation of a solid diene-based rubber, in particular an acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer rubber having a relatively high Mooney viscosity, significantly enhances the wash-off resistance of the adhesive, while still allowing the adhesive to be readily dispensed by pumping under high shear conditions.
1. A pumpable and wash-off resistant epoxy paste adhesive comprising: A) at least one epoxy resin; B) from 1 to 8 weight %, based on the total weight of the epoxy paste adhesive, of at least one solid diene-based rubber, wherein the solid diene-based rubber does not take the form of a core/shell particle where a central core is surrounded by an outer shell having a different composition than the core and wherein the solid diene-based rubber is comprised of from 25 to 35 weight percent acrylonitrile and 65 to 75 weight percent butadiene; C) at least one heat-activated latent curing agent; and D) at least one impact modifier/toughening agent selected from the group consisting of epoxy-based prepolymers obtained by reacting one or more amine-terminated polymers with one or more epoxy resins.
2. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 wherein said at least one solid diene-based rubber has a Mooney viscosity of from 50 to 100 at 100 degrees C. as measured by ASTM D-1646 (Method B-002).
3. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 wherein said at least one solid diene-based rubber is crosslinked.
4. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 additionally comprising one or more of: at least one thixotropic agent/rheology modifier; at least one heat-activated blowing agent; at least one impact modifier/toughening agent other than the at least one impact modifier/toughening agent selected from the group consisting of epoxy-based prepolymers obtained by reacting one or more amine-terminated polymers with one or more epoxy resins; or at least one inorganic filler.
5. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 comprising at least one substituted guanidine heat-activated latent curing agent.
6. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 additionally comprising at least one inorganic particulate additive selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide and calcium carbonate.
7. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 wherein the at least one epoxy resin includes at least one polyglycidyl ether of a polyphenol and at least one polyglycidyl ether of a non-aromatic polyalcohol.
8. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 comprising from about 30 to about 65 weight percent of epoxy resin.
9. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 comprising from about 25 to about 60 weight percent epoxy resin and about 0.5 to about 10 weight percent heat-activated latent curing agent.
10. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 , wherein said at least one solid diene-based rubber is crosslinked.
11. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 , additionally comprising at least one anti-stringing agent.
12. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 11 , wherein the at least one anti-stringing agent is a mixture of amorphous silica and fibrillated polyethylene fibers.
13. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 , wherein the at least one epoxy resin includes at least one epoxy resin selected from the group consisting of diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A and bisphenol F.
14. The epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 , wherein the at least one solid diene-based rubber includes at least one solid diene-based rubber having a Mooney viscosity of at least 25 and not more than 100 at 100 degrees C. as measured by ASTM D-1646 (Method B-002).
15. A method of making the epoxy paste adhesive of claim 1 , comprising preparing a preblend of the at least one solid diene-based rubber and epoxy resin and combining the preblend with other components of the epoxy paste adhesive.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the preblend additionally includes a particulate inorganic filler.
17. A method of increasing wash-off resistance of an epoxy paste adhesive comprised of at least one epoxy resin, and at least one impact modifier/toughening agent selected from the group consisting of epoxy-based prepolymers obtained by reacting one or more amine-terminated polymers with one or more epoxy resins, and at least one heat-activated latent curing agent, said method comprising incorporating into said epoxy paste adhesive from 1 to 8 weight percent, based on the total weight of the epoxy paste adhesive, of one or more solid diene-based rubbers, wherein the solid diene-based rubbers do not take the form of a core/shell particle where a central core is surrounded by an outer shell having a different composition than the core and wherein the solid diene-based rubber is comprised of from 25 to 35 weight percent acrylonitrile and 65 to 75 weight percent butadiene.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the at least one anti-stringing agent is a mixture of amorphous silica and fibrillated polyethylene fibers.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein said at least one solid diene-based rubber has a Mooney viscosity of from 50 to 100 at 100 degrees C. as measured by ASTM D-1646 (Method B-002).