Detecting touch input and generating perceptible touch stimulus
An apparatus including a body portion having a surface; at least one feedback electrode configured to provide to a user a feedback stimulus when the user contacts the surface; and a touch sensor arrangement for discriminating different user contacts on the surface.
1. An apparatus comprising:
a body portion having a surface;
at least one feedback electrode configured to provide a time varying feedback stimulus to a digit of a user that is traced across the feedback electrode;
and a touch sensor arrangement for discriminating different user contacts on the surface;
wherein the time varying feedback stimulus is provided by an applied time varying potential difference by modulating a frictional force applied to the digit of the user when the digit, contacting the surface, is traced across the surface.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the surface is a deformable surface.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the feedback electrode, and the touch sensor arrangement form a transparent deformable multi-layer structure.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a display underlying the feedback electrode and the touch sensor arrangement, wherein each of the feedback electrode, and the touch sensor arrangement are transparent.
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the touch sensor arrangement comprises deformable capacitor sensors each comprising a pair of deformable electrodes and a resiliently deformable dielectric.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the touch sensor arrangement comprises an array of capacitors arranged in rows and columns, wherein each capacitor in a row shares a common electrode and each capacitor in a column shares a common electrode.
7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5 , further comprising a detector for detecting a change in capacitance of the touch sensor arrangement.
8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the touch sensor arrangement comprises as an electrode the feedback electrode.
9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8 , further comprising at least one switch for controlling whether the electrode is used for touch sensing or feedback.
10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the touch sensor arrangement is configured to operate as a proximity detector.
11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the touch sensor arrangement is configured to operate as a contact impedance detector.
12. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a controller configured to provide a feedback control signal for controlling a feedback stimulus to a user wherein the feedback control signal is dependent upon output from the touch sensor arrangement.
13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the feedback control signal is dependent upon one or more of:
a contact location,
a manner of contact at the contact location,
an amount of force applied at the contact location,
an area over which a force is applied at the contact location,
a contact impedance at the contact location,
a speed at which the digit is traced across the feedback electrode,
content displayed in an underlying display.
14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the controller is configured to apply the time varying potential difference between the feedback electrode and a surface electrode and is configured to control at least the time variation in the potential difference.
15. An apparatus as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the controller is configured to apply a periodic potential difference between the surface electrode and the feedback electrode.
16. An apparatus as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the controller is configured to vary the periodicity of pulsed stimulating patterns including variation of amplitude (H), duration (W) and periodicity (T) of principal stimulating pulses.
17. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the feedback electrode comprises a conductive layer and an exterior dielectric layer, wherein the exterior dielectric layer is transparent.
18. A method comprising:
discriminating different touches on a touch surface by a user; and
providing a time varying feedback stimulus to a digit of a user that is traced across a feedback electrode;
wherein the time varying feedback stimulus is provided by an applied time varying potential difference by modulating a frictional force applied to the digit of the user when the digit, contacting the surface, is traced across the surface.
19. A method as claimed in claim 18 , comprising:
controlling the feedback stimulus in response to a touch in dependence upon the discrimination of the touch.
20. A method as claimed in claim 18 , wherein the feedback stimulus is dependent upon one or more of:
the contact location,
a manner of contact at the contact location,
an amount of force applied at the contact location,
an area over which a force is applied at the contact location,
a contact impedance at the contact location,
a speed at which a touch position on the surface travels.