Polymeric coupling agents and pharmaceutically-active polymers made therefrom
A pharmaceutically-active polymeric compound of the general formula (I), Y-[Y n -LINK B-X] m -LINK B (I) wherein (i) X is a coupled biological coupling agent of the general formula (II) Bio-LINK A-Bio (II) wherein Bio is a biologically active agent fragment or precursor thereof linked to LINK A through a hydrolysable covalent bond; and LINK A is a coupled central flexible linear first segment of <2000 theoretical molecular weight linked to each of said Bio fragments; (ii) Y is LINK B-OLIGO; wherein (a) LINK B is a coupled second segment linking one OLIGO to another OLIGO and an OLIGO to X or precursor thereof; and (b) OLIGO is a short length of polymer segment having a molecular weight of less than 5,000 and comprising less than 100 monomeric repeating units; (iii) m is 1-40; and (iv) n is selected from 2-50. The compounds are useful as biomaterials, particularly, providing antibacterial activity in vivo. Also provided are biological coupling agents useful as intermediates in the preparation of the pharmaceutically-active polymeric compounds.
1. A method for synthesizing a pharmaceutically-active polymer, said method comprising reacting a biological coupling agent with a prepolymer in a step growth polymerization reaction, wherein said biological coupling agent has the general formula (III):
PBio-LINK A-PBio (III),
wherein PBio comprises a radical of a biologically active agent linked to LINK A through a hydrolysable covalent bond and having at least one functional group to permit step growth polymerization with said prepolymer; and LINK A is a coupled central flexible linear first segment of <2000 theoretical molecular weight formed from a diol or diamine and linked to each of said PBio fragments, wherein each PBio bears an equivalent functional group selected from hydroxyl, a primary amine, and secondary amine for polymerization with said prepolymer, and wherein said prepolymer is described by the formula:
Y n -LINK B
wherein
(a) Y n is [LINK B-OLIGO] n ;
(b) LINK B is a coupled second segment formed from a difunctional molecule selected from a diamine, diisocyanate, disulfonic acid, dicarboxylic acid, diacid chloride, and dialdehyde and having a molecular weight of 60 to 2000 Daltons linking one OLIGO to another OLIGO and an OLIGO to said biological coupling agent;
(c) OLIGO is a polymer segment having a molecular weight of less than 5,000 Daltons and comprising less than 100 monomeric repeating units; and
(d) n is an integer from 2-50, and
wherein said biologically active agent is an antimicrobial agent selected from Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin; an antiflammatory agent selected from Amfenac, Aceclofenac, Oxacepro and Enoxolone; an anti-thrombic agent selected from Bromofenac, Tirofiban and Lotrafiban; or an antiproliferation agent selected from Acivicin and Alkeren.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein LINK A is linked to PBio by carboxylic ester, amide, or sulfonamide links.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein LINK A has a molecular weight selected from 60-700 Daltons.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein said step growth polymerization reaction forms a polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, or polysulfonamide.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein LINK A is formed from a diol or diamine selected from ethylene glycol; butane diol; hexane diol; hexamethylene diol; 1,5 pentanediol; 2,2-dimethyl-1,3 propanediol; 1,4-cyclohexane diol; 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol; tri(ethylene glycol); poly(ethylene oxide) diamine; lysine esters; silicone diols; carbonate diols; ethylene diamine; hexamethylene diamine; 1,2-diamino-2methylpropane; 3,3,-diamino-N-methyldipropylamine; 1,4 diaminobutane; 1,7 diaminoheptane; and 1,8 diaminooctane.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein LINK B has a molecular weight selected from 60-700.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein LINK B is linked to other segments via urethanes, esters, ureas, sulfonamides, carbonates, anhydrides, or amides.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said PBio has a molecular weight of <4000 daltons.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein said PBio has a molecular weight of <2000 daltons.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein said biologically active agent is an antimicrobial agent selected from Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said biologically active agent is an antiflammatory agent selected from Amfenac, Aceclofenac, Oxacepro and Enoxolone.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein said biologically active agent is an anti-thrombic agent selected from Bromofenac, Tirofiban and Lotrafiban.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein biologically active agent is an antiproliferation agent selected from Acivicin and Alkeren.