Granted Patent B2

US 8,754,626 · App. 12/818,270 · Granted Jun 17, 2014

Abstract

Claims (88)

1. A switching regulator comprising:

a capacitor;

a charge control circuit coupled to the capacitor, the charge control circuit for charging and discharging the capacitor;

a discharge detector including an input coupled to the capacitor, the discharge detector for asserting a limiting signal in response to detecting when charge on the capacitor has discharged to a predetermined level;

a power switch circuit coupled to receive current from a power input of the switching regulator, the power switch circuit coupled to receive a switching signal to control the conductivity of the power switch circuit for supplying an output voltage at a voltage level dependent upon a duty cycle of the switching signal, wherein the duty cycle of the switching signal is altered to reduce current flowing from the power input through the power switch circuit based upon the limiting signal indicating that the capacitor has discharged to the predetermined level;

a feedback circuit providing a current signal indicative of an amount of current from the power input through the power switch circuit, wherein the charge control circuit discharges the capacitor based upon the current signal;

wherein the charge control circuit comprises:

a current source including a first terminal coupled to receive a reference voltage and a second terminal;

a first transistor including a first current terminal coupled to the second terminal of the current source, a control terminal for receiving a clocking signal, and a second current terminal coupled to both a terminal of the capacitor and the input of the discharge detector;

a second transistor including a first current terminal coupled to the second current terminal of the first transistor, a control terminal for receiving the clocking signal, and a second current terminal; and

a current sink including a first terminal coupled to the second current terminal of the second transistor, a control terminal coupled to the feedback circuit to receive the current signal, and a second terminal coupled to a supply voltage terminal.

2. The switching regulator of claim 1 , wherein the discharge detector comprises an inverter, wherein the predetermined level is a charge corresponding to a threshold voltage of the inverter.

3. The switching regulator of claim 1 , wherein the power switch circuit comprises:

a transistor including a first current terminal coupled to receive current from the power input, a control terminal responsive to the switching signal, and a second current terminal coupled to an output terminal of the switching regulator, the output terminal for supplying the output voltage.

4. The switching regulator of claim 1 , wherein the feedback circuit comprises an operational amplifier including a first input coupled to the power switch circuit, a second input coupled to a signal line that receives a sense current indicative of an amount of current from the power input through the power switch circuit, and an output terminal coupled to the charge control circuit to control the discharge rate of the capacitor.

5. The switching regulator of claim 1 , further comprising:

a pulse width modulation controller including an input coupled to receive a voltage signal indicative of the output voltage, and an output coupled to provide a pulse width modulated signal at a duty cycle, wherein the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal is based on the voltage signal;

wherein the switching signal is based on the pulse width modulated signal;

wherein the limiting signal when indicating that the capacitor has discharged to the predetermined level, reduces the duty cycle of the switching signal from a value being controlled by the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal to a lower duty cycle to limit the current from the power input through the power switch circuit.

6. A switching regulator comprising:

a capacitor;

a charge control circuit coupled to the capacitor, the charge control circuit for charging and discharging the capacitor;

a discharge detector including an input coupled to the capacitor, the discharge detector for asserting a limiting signal in response to detecting when charge on the capacitor has discharged to a predetermined level;

a power switch circuit coupled to receive current from a power input of the switching regulator, the power switch circuit coupled to receive a switching signal to control the conductivity of the power switch circuit for supplying an output voltage at a voltage level dependent upon a duty cycle of the switching signal, wherein the duty cycle of the switching signal is altered to reduce current flowing from the power input through the power switch circuit based upon the limiting signal indicating that the capacitor has discharged to the predetermined level;

a feedback circuit providing a current signal indicative of an amount of current from the power input through the power switch circuit, wherein the charge control circuit discharges the capacitor based upon the current signal;

a second capacitor coupled to the charge control circuit, the discharge detector for asserting a second limiting signal in response to detecting when charge on the second capacitor has discharged to a predetermined level, wherein the duty cycle of the switching signal is altered to reduce current flowing from the power input through the power switch circuit based upon the second limiting signal indicating that the second capacitor has discharge to the predetermined level.

7. The switching regulator of claim 6 , wherein the charge control circuit comprises:

a current source including a first terminal coupled to receive a reference voltage and a second terminal;

a first transistor including a first current terminal coupled to the second terminal of the current source, a control terminal for receiving a clocking signal, and a second current terminal coupled to both a terminal of the capacitor and the input of the discharge detector;

a second transistor including a first current terminal coupled to the second current terminal of the first transistor, a control terminal for receiving the clocking signal, and a second current terminal; and

a current sink including a first terminal coupled to the second current terminal of the second transistor, a control terminal coupled to the feedback circuit to receive the current signal, and a second terminal coupled to a supply voltage terminal.

8. The switching regulator of claim 7 , wherein the capacitor is charged and discharged during each cycle of the clocking signal.

9. The switching regulator of claim 6 , wherein the capacitor and the second capacitor are charged and discharged alternately during sequential cycles of the switching signal, wherein the capacitor is discharged while the second capacitor is charged and the second capacitor is discharged by the capacitor is charged.

10. A switching regulator comprising:

a first capacitor;

a second capacitor;

a charge control circuit including a first terminal coupled to the first capacitor and a second terminal coupled to the second capacitor, the charge control circuit for alternately charging and discharging the first and second capacitors;

a discharge detector including a first input coupled to the first capacitor and a second input coupled to the second capacitor, the discharge detector providing an indication indicating that a charge on one of the first and second capacitors has discharged to a predetermined level;

a power switch circuit coupled to receive current from a power input, the power switch circuit coupled to receive a switching signal for controlling the conductivity of the power switch circuit for supplying an output voltage at a voltage level dependent upon a duty cycle of the switching signal, wherein the duty cycle of the switching signal is altered to reduce current flowing from the power input through the power switch circuit based upon the indication indicating that a charge on one of the first and second capacitors has discharged to a predetermined level; and

a feedback circuit for controlling a discharge rate of the first and second capacitors based on an amount of current flowing through the power switch circuit from the power input.

11. The switching regulator of claim 10 , wherein:

the discharge detector comprises a first inverter including an input coupled to the first capacitor and a second inverter including an input coupled to the second capacitor;

the discharge detector provides the indication in response to the first capacitor discharging to a level corresponding to the threshold voltage of the first inverter or the second capacitor discharging to a level corresponding to the threshold voltage of the second inverter.

12. The switching regulator of claim 10 , wherein the charge control circuit comprises:

a current source including a first terminal coupled to receive a reference voltage and a second terminal;

a first transistor including a first current terminal coupled to the second terminal of the current source, a control terminal for receiving a first clocking signal, and a second current terminal coupled to both a terminal of the first capacitor and the first input of the discharge detector;

a second transistor including a first current terminal coupled to the second current terminal of the first transistor, a control terminal for receiving the first clocking signal, and a second current terminal;

a third transistor including a first current terminal coupled to the second terminal of the current source, a control terminal for receiving a second clocking signal, and a second current terminal coupled to both a terminal of the second capacitor and a second input of the discharge detector;

a fourth transistor including a first current terminal coupled to the second current terminal of the third transistor, a control terminal coupled for receiving the second clocking signal, and a second current terminal coupled to the second current terminal of the second transistor; and

a current sink including a first terminal coupled to the second current terminal of the second transistor, a control terminal coupled to the feedback circuit to receive a current signal, and a second terminal coupled to a supply voltage terminal.

13. The switching regulator of claim 10 , further comprising:

a pulse width modulation controller including an input coupled to receive a voltage signal indicative of the output voltage, and an output coupled to provide a pulse width modulated signal at a duty cycle, wherein the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal is based on the voltage signal;

wherein the switching signal is based on the pulse width modulated signal;

wherein when the discharge detector provides an indication indicating that a charge on one of the first and second capacitors has discharged to a predetermined level, the duty cycle of the switching signal is reduced from a value being controlled by the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal to a lower duty cycle to limit the current from the power input through the power switch circuit.

14. The switching regulator of claim 13 further comprising:

a logic circuit including a first input to receive the indication from the discharge detector and a second input to receive the pulse width modulated signal, wherein the logic circuit includes an output to provide a gated pulse width modulated signal that has a reduced duty cycle when the discharge detector indicates that a charge on one of the first and second capacitors has discharged to a predetermined level.

15. The switching regulator of claim 13 wherein the pulse width modulated signal is provided at a first frequency, wherein each of the first and second capacitor is charged and discharged at a rate that is one half of the first frequency.

16. A method for operating a switching regulator, the method comprising:

alternately charging and discharging a capacitor in response to a clocking signal;

during each cycle of the clocking signal, detecting whether a charge on the capacitor has discharged to a predetermined level;

controlling the conductivity of a power switch of the switching regulator with a switching signal to provide an output voltage at an output terminal of the switching regulator;

wherein a duty cycle of the switching signal is altered to reduce current flowing from a power source through the power switch based upon a detection that the capacitor has discharged to the predetermined level;

wherein the capacitor is discharged at a rate dependent upon an amount of current flowing from the power source through the power switch;

alternately charging and discharging a second capacitor in response to a second clocking signal;

during each cycle of the second clocking signal, detecting whether a charge on the second capacitor has discharged to a predetermined level;

wherein the duty cycle is altered to reduce current flowing from the power source to the output terminal through the power switch based upon a detection that the second capacitor has discharge to the predetermined level.

17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising:

generating a pulse width modulated signal, wherein a duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal is based upon the output voltage,

controlling the duty cycle of the switching signal by the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal;

wherein the duty cycle of the switching signal is reduced from a value being controlled by the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal in response a detection that the capacitor has discharged to a predetermined level.

18. The method of claim 16 further comprising:

generating a current sensed signal indicative of the current flowing from the power input to the power switch,

wherein the discharging of the capacitor is controlled by the current sensed signal.

19. A method for operating a switching regulator, the method comprising:

alternately charging and discharging a capacitor in response to a clocking signal;

during each cycle of the clocking signal, detecting whether a charge on the capacitor has discharged to a predetermined level;

controlling the conductivity of a power switch of the switching regulator with a switching signal to provide an output voltage at an output terminal of the switching regulator;

wherein a duty cycle of the switching signal is altered to reduce current flowing from a power source through the power switch based upon a detection that the capacitor has discharged to the predetermined level;

wherein the capacitor is discharged at a rate dependent upon an amount of current flowing from the power source through the power switch;

generating a pulse width modulated signal, wherein a duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal is based upon the output voltage,

controlling the duty cycle of the switching signal by the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal;

wherein the duty cycle of the switching signal is reduced from a value being controlled by the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal in response a detection that the capacitor has discharged to a predetermined level;

wherein the clocking signal has a frequency that is one half a frequency of the pulse width modulated signal.

20. The method of claim 19 , further comprising:

alternately charging and discharging a second capacitor in response to a second clocking signal;

during each cycle of the second clocking signal, detecting whether a charge on the second capacitor has discharged to a predetermined level;

wherein the duty cycle is altered to reduce current flowing from the power source to the output terminal through the power switch based upon a detection that the second capacitor has discharge to the predetermined level.

21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the alternately charging and discharging the capacitor and alternately charging and discharging the second capacitor includes discharging the capacitor while charging the second capacitor and discharging the second capacitor which charging the capacitor.

Assignments (22)