Apparatus for perforating a web material
Apparatuses are disclosed that include forming selected perforation designs and patterns. The perforation designs and patterns can be formed in linear or nonlinear fashion, can extend in the cross direction or the machine direction and can be formed to complement or match an embossed or printed design on the web. The perforation designs and patterns can be formed utilizing various mechanical perforating techniques.
1. An apparatus for perforating a web formed of a fibrous material comprising a plurality of individual fibers to be converted into a through air dried perforated product in both a cross direction and a machine direction, the web having a Z-direction orthogonal to the machine and cross directions, the apparatus comprising:
a discrete web perforator for forming individual perforations extending generally in the cross direction of the web;
at least one additional web perforator for forming individual perforations extending generally in the machine direction of the web;
the discrete web perforator and the at least one additional web perforator being positioned and configured to produce a selected perforation design wherein at least one of the perforations extending in the machine or cross directions comprises fiber deflections extending in the Z-direction of at least some of said plurality of individual fibers of the web
to thereby produce the selected perforation design.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one of the discrete web perforator and the additional web perforator comprises a rotatable ring roll having a circumferential groove extending about an outer surface thereof and a rotatable pattern roll having a plurality of circumferential protrusions, the circumferential protrusions extending from an outer surface of the rotatable pattern roll and being cooperatively aligned with the circumferential groove for penetrating the fibrous material of the web to produce the individual perforations in the fibrous material extending in at least one of the cross direction and the machine direction, respectively.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one of the discrete web perforator and the additional web perforator comprises a female roll having a pocket disposed in an outer surface thereof and a male roll having a plurality of perforating elements extending outwardly from an outer surface thereof, the perforating elements defining web contacting edges and being positioned to be received within the pocket to produce the individual perforations in the fibrous material extending in at least one of the cross direction and the machine direction, respectively.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein at least one of the discrete web perforator and the additional web perforator comprises a plurality of individual liquid printing devices for printing a liquid onto the fibrous material of the web in at least one of the cross direction and the machine direction.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the selected perforation design is nonlinear at least in the cross direction.
6. An apparatus for perforating a web formed of a fibrous material comprising a plurality of individual fibers to be converted into a through air dried perforated product in both a cross direction and a machine direction, the web having a Z-direction orthogonal to the machine and cross directions, the apparatus comprising:
a discrete web perforator for forming individual perforations extending generally in the cross direction of the web;
at least one additional web perforator for forming individual perforations extending generally in the machine direction of the web;
the discrete web perforator and the at least one additional web perforator being positioned and configured to produce a selected perforation design wherein at least one of the perforations extending in the machine or cross directions comprises fiber deflections extending in the Z-direction of at least some of said plurality of individual fibers of the web;
a means for removing a notch from each of opposite sides of the web at the ends of the individual perforations in the fibrous material extending generally in the cross direction
to thereby produce the selected perforation design.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein at least one of the discrete web perforator and the additional web perforator comprises a rotatable ring roll having a circumferential groove extending about an outer surface thereof and a rotatable pattern roll having a plurality of circumferential protrusions, the circumferential protrusions extending from an outer surface of the rotatable pattern roll and being cooperatively aligned with the circumferential groove for penetrating the fibrous material of the web to produce the individual perforations in the fibrous material extending in at least one of the cross direction and the machine direction, respectively.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein at least one of the discrete web perforator and the additional web perforator comprises a female roll having a pocket disposed in an outer surface thereof and a male roll having a plurality of perforating elements extending outwardly from an outer surface thereof, the perforating elements defining web contacting edges and being positioned to be received within the pocket to produce the individual perforations in the fibrous material extending in at least one of the cross direction and the machine direction, respectively.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein at least one of the discrete web perforator and the additional web perforator comprises a plurality of individual liquid printing devices for printing a liquid onto the fibrous material of the web in at least one of the cross direction and the machine direction.
10. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the selected perforation design is nonlinear at least in the cross direction.
11. An apparatus for perforating a web formed of a fibrous material comprising a plurality of individual fibers to be converted into a through air dried perforated product in both a cross direction and a machine direction, the web having a Z-direction orthogonal to the machine and cross directions, the apparatus comprising:
a discrete web perforator for forming individual perforations extending generally in the cross direction of the web;
at least one additional web perforator for forming individual perforations extending generally in the machine direction of the web;
the discrete web perforator and the at least one additional web perforator being positioned and configured to produce a selected perforation design wherein at least one of the perforations extending in the machine or cross directions comprises fiber deflections extending in the Z-direction of at least some of said plurality of individual fibers of the web;
a device for embossing or printing an aesthetic pattern on the fibrous material of the web as the web is transported past the discrete web perforator and the at least one additional web perforator; and
a controller causing the discrete web perforator and the at least one additional web perforator to thereby produce the selected perforation design.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein at least one of the discrete web perforator and the additional web perforator comprises a rotatable ring roll having a circumferential groove extending about an outer surface thereof and a rotatable pattern roll having a plurality of circumferential protrusions, the circumferential protrusions extending from an outer surface of the rotatable pattern roll and being cooperatively aligned with the circumferential groove for penetrating the fibrous material of the web to produce the individual perforations in the fibrous material extending in at least one of the cross direction and the machine direction, respectively.
13. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein at least one of the discrete web perforator and the additional web perforator comprises a female roll having a pocket disposed in an outer surface thereof and a male roll having a plurality of perforating elements extending outwardly from an outer surface thereof, the perforating elements defining web contacting edges and being positioned to be received within the pocket to produce the individual perforations in the fibrous material extending in at least one of the cross direction and the machine direction, respectively.
14. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein at least one of the discrete web perforator and the additional web perforator comprises a plurality of individual liquid printing devices for printing a liquid onto the fibrous material of the web in at least one of the cross direction and the machine direction.
15. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the at least one additional web perforator comprises a rotary cutting die forming a line of the individual perforations in the fibrous material extending generally in the machine direction of the web and generally perpendicular to the individual perforations in the fibrous material extending generally in the cross direction of the web.
16. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein at least the discrete web perforators are suitably arranged so the selected perforation design matches the aesthetic pattern embossed or printed on the fibrous material of the web by the embossing or printing device.
17. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the selected perforation design is nonlinear at least in the cross direction.