Systems, methods and compositions for the separation and recovery of hydrocarbons from particulate matter

1. A method of separating a hydrocarbon from solid particulate, the method comprising:

contacting a particulate matter comprising at least one hydrocarbon and at least one solid particulate with a separating liquid to separate the at least one hydrocarbon from the solid particulate;

wherein the separating liquid comprises at least 25 percent by weight of at least one ionic liquid selected from the group consisting of an imidazolium salt, tetraalkyl ammonium salt, pyrrolidinium based salt, and combinations thereof; and

wherein the separating liquid separates at least 90% of the at least one hydrocarbon from the solid particulate.

2. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising recovering the at least one hydrocarbon.

3. The method as recited in claim 2 , further comprising recovering the at least one solid particulate.

4. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the separating liquid further comprises at least one organic solvent.

5. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the separating liquid further comprises water.

6. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein contacting the particulate matter comprises contacting the particulate matter at a temperature of less than or equal to 100° C.

7. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein contacting the particulate matter comprises contacting the particulate matter at a temperature of less than or equal to 50° C.

8. The method as recited in claim 1 , further comprising permitting the at least one hydrocarbon, solid particulate and separating liquid to form a multiphase system and separating the hydrocarbon from the multiphase system by any one or more steps of: decanting at least a portion of the multiphase system, evaporating at least a portion of the multiphase system, distilling at least a portion of the multiphase system, centrifuging at least a portion of the multiphase system or filtrating at least a portion of the multiphase system.

9. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the at least one hydrocarbon comprises at least one hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of: bitumen, oil and drilling fluid.

10. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the at least one solid particulate comprises at least one solid particulate selected from the group consisting of: sand, soil, silt, clay, rock, minerals and drill cuttings.

11. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the at least one ionic liquid is an imidazolium salt.

12. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the multiphase system comprises three phases.

13. The method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the at least one organic solvent is at least one organic solvent selected from the group consisting of: toluene, naphtha, hexane, kerosene and paraffinic solvents.

14. The method as recited in claim 11 , wherein the imidazolium salt is selected from the group consisting of: 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium borontetrafluoride; 1-butyl-2,3-dimethyl- imidazolium trifluoro-methanesulfonate; 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate; 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride; 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride.

15. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the particulate matter includes oil sands and the at least one hydrocarbon includes bitumen.

16. The method as recited in claim 1 , wherein the contacting step includes mixing oil sands composed of bitumen and sand as the particulate matter with the separating liquid which further includes an organic solvent; and further comprising allowing the mixture to form a three phase system comprising a top phase including the bitumen, a middle phase including the ionic liquid and a bottom phase including the sand; and separating the top phase from the other phases to recover the bitumen.