Optically locked photon echo apparatus and method
Disclosed herein is an optically locked photon echo apparatus and method, which can solve the problem of limited echo efficiency and can overcome constraints on the conventional storage time being limited to the spin dephasing time. The optically locked photon echo apparatus of the present invention includes a nonlinear optical medium and an optical pulse generation unit. The nonlinear optical medium is provided with three energy levels | 1>, |2 >, and | 3 >, and is configured to receive optical pulses from an optical pulse generation unit and generate output light (E) which satisfies a phase matching condition. The optical pulse generation unit is configured to generate five or more optical pulses which resonate between the energy levels of the optical medium.
1. An optically locked photon echo apparatus, comprising:
a nonlinear optical medium provided with three energy levels | 1 >, | 2 >, and | 3 >, and configured to receive optical pulses from an optical pulse generation unit and generate output light (E) which satisfies a phase matching condition; and
the optical pulse generation unit configured to generate five or more optical pulses which resonate between the energy levels of the optical medium.
2. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the optical pulse generation unit comprises:
a first light source for providing first laser light;
a second light source for providing second laser light;
a first optical modulation module for modulating the first laser light from the first light source into an optical pulse train so as to generate some of the five or more optical pulses;
a second optical modulation module for modulating the second laser light from the second light source into an optical pulse train so as to generate remaining optical pulses, which are different from the optical pulses generated by the first optical modulation module among the five or more optical pulses; and
a control module for generating a synchronous signal required to synchronize the optical pulses output from the first and second optical modulation modules with each other.
3. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the five or more optical pulses fall into:
a first optical pulse group including one or more of optical pulses corresponding to input light (D), write light (W) and read light (R) which resonate between the energy levels | 1 > and | 3 > of the optical medium; and
a second optical pulse group including optical pulses corresponding to first control light (B 1 ) and second control light (B 2 ) which resonate between the energy levels | 2 > and | 3 > of the optical medium.
4. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein the five or more optical pulses fall into:
a first optical pulse group including one or more of optical pulses corresponding to input light (D), write light (W) and read light (R) which resonate between the energy levels | 1 > and | 3 > of the optical medium; and
a second optical pulse group including optical pulses corresponding to first control light (B 1 ) and second control light (B 2 ) which resonate between the energy levels | 2 > and | 3 > of the optical medium.
5. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the first optical pulse group and the second optical pulse group have different wavelengths or polarization.
6. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the first optical pulse group and the second optical pulse group have different wavelengths or polarization.
7. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the five or more optical pulses are incident on the optical medium after having passed through an optical fiber, surface plasmon medium, or free space.
8. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the five or more optical pulses are incident on the optical medium after having passed through an optical fiber, surface plasmon medium, or free space.
9. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the three energy levels are set in such a way that the energy levels | 1 > and | 2 > are in a ground state, and the energy level | 3 > is in an excited state which enables optical transition from the individual ground states.
10. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein the three energy levels are set in such a way that the energy levels | 1 > and | 2 > are in a ground state, and the energy level | 3 > is in an excited state which enables optical transition from the individual ground states.
11. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein a time interval between the input light (D) and the write light (W) is shorter than an optical phase relaxation time, but has a length to fall within the inhomogeneous width.
12. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein a time interval between the input light (D) and the write light (W) is shorter than an optical phase relaxation time, but has a length to fall within the inhomogeneous width.
13. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein a time interval between the first control light (B 1 ) and the second control light (B 2 ) is shorter than a spin population relaxation time.
14. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein a time interval between the first control light (B 1 ) and the second control light (B 2 ) is shorter than a spin population relaxation time.
15. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein areas of the pulses corresponding to the first control light (B 1 ) and the second control light (B 2 ) are π and 3π, respectively, and a sum of the areas of the pulses is 4π.
16. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein areas of the pulses corresponding to the first control light (B 1 ) and the second control light (B 2 ) are π and 3π, respectively, and a sum of the areas of the pulses is 4π.
17. The optically locked photon echo apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the nonlinear optical medium is made of any one selected from among a solid, multiply coupled semiconductors and a cold atom ensemble.
18. An optically locked photon echo method for generating output light (E), which satisfies a phase matching condition, using an optically locked photon echo apparatus, the apparatus including a nonlinear optical medium provided with three energy levels | 1 >, | 2 > and | 3 > and configured to receive optical pulses from an optical pulse generation unit and generate the output light (E); and the optical pulse generation unit configured to generate optical pulses corresponding to one or more input lights (D), write light (W), read light (R), first control light (B 1 ) and second control light (B 2 ) which resonate between the energy levels of the optical medium, the method comprising:
the input light (D) being incident on the optical medium;
the write light (W) being incident on the optical medium;
the input light (D) and the write light (W), which are temporally separated from each other, forming a spectral grating in cooperation with each other;
the first control light (B 1 ) being incident on the optical medium;
the second control light (B 2 ) being incident on the optical medium;
the read light (R) being incident on the optical medium;
reproducing information of the input light (D), stored in the spectral grating, using the read light (R); and
the input light (D), the write light (W) and the read light (R) generating the output light (E), which satisfies the phase matching condition, via interaction with the optical medium.