Image bearing member, image forming apparatus, and process cartridge
An image bearing member including an electroconductive substrate, a photosensitive layer overlying the electroconductive substrate, and a protection layer overlying the photosensitive layer, the photosensitive layer containing a diamine compound represented by the chemical structure 1, more of the diamine compound being disposed on the photosensitive layer side than the surface side relative to the midpoint in a depth direction of the protection layer: where X represents a substituted or non-substituted arylene group, or a compound represented by a chemical structure 2: where R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, where A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a substituted or non-substituted aryl group, or —CH 2 (CH 2 ) m Z, where Z represents a substituted or non-substituted aryl group, a substituted or non-substituted cycloalkyl group, and a substituted or non-substituted heterocycloalkyl group, and m represents 0 or 1, and where B 1 and B 2 represent —CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 —Ar a —, —Ar a —CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —Ar a —, and —Ar a —CH 2 CH 2 —, and Ar a represents a substituted or non-substituted arylene group.
1. An image bearing member comprising:
an electroconductive substrate;
a photosensitive layer overlying the electroconductive substrate; and
a protection layer overlying the photosensitive layer,
the protection layer comprising a diamine compound represented by a chemical structure 1,
more of the diamine compound being disposed on a photosensitive layer side than a surface side relative to a midpoint in a depth direction of the protection layer:
where X represents a substituted or non-substituted arylene group, or a compound represented by a chemical structure 2:
where R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
where A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 independently represent (i) an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, (iii) a substituted or non-substituted aryl group, or (ii) —CH 2 (CH 2 ) m Z, where Z represents a substituted or non-substituted aryl group, a substituted or non-substituted cycloalkyl group, and a substituted or non-substituted heterocycloalkyl group, and m represents 0 or 1, and a case in which each of A 1 , A 2 , A 3 , and A 4 is (iii) is excluded, and
where B 1 and B 2 represent —CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CH 2 —Ar a —, —Ar a —CH 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —Ar a —, and —Ar a —CH 2 CH 2 —, and Ar a represents a substituted or non-substituted arylene group,
where the protection layer further comprises a cured material formed by a radical polymerizable compound having a charge transport structure and a radical polymerizable compound having no charge transport structure,
where the photosensitive layer comprises a laminate structure including a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer, and
where the diamine compound is included in the charge transport layer.
2. The image bearing member according to claim 1 , wherein the diamine compound has a molecular weight of from 300 to 900.
3. The image bearing member according to claim 1 , wherein the diamine compound is represented by the chemical structure 3,
where Ar represents a substituted or non-substituted arylene group.
4. The image bearing member according to claim 1 , wherein the protection layer comprises an anti-oxidant.
5. The image bearing member according to claim 4 , wherein more of the anti-oxidant is disposed on the photosensitive layer side than the surface side relative to the midpoint in the depth direction of the protection layer.
6. The image bearing member according to claim 4 , wherein the anti-oxidant is included in the charge transport layer.
7. The image bearing member according to claim 1 , wherein the protection layer comprises a filler.
8. An image forming apparatus comprising:
the bearing member of claim 1 ;
a charger that charges the image bearing member;
a latent electrostatic image formation device that forms a latent electrostatic image on the charged image bearing member; and
a development device that develops the latent electrostatic image with toner to obtain a visual image.
9. The image forming apparatus according to claim 8 , employing a tandem system comprising a plurality of the image bearing members, a plurality of the charger, a plurality of the latent electrostatic image formation device, and a plurality of the development device are provided.
10. The image forming apparatus according to claim 8 , further comprising a lubricant applicator that applies a lubricant to a surface of the image bearing member.
11. The image forming apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the lubricant comprises zinc stearate.
12. A process cartridge detachably attachable to an image forming apparatus, comprising:
the image bearing member of claim 1 ; and
at least one of a charger that charges the image bearing member,
a latent electrostatic image formation device that forms a latent electrostatic image on the charged image bearing member, a development device that develops the latent electrostatic image with toner to obtain a visual image, a transfer device that transfers the visual image to a recording medium, a cleaning device that cleans a surface of the image bearing member, a discharging device that discharges the surface of the image bearing member, and a lubricant applicator that applies a lubricant to the surface of the image bearing member.