Laboratory scale continuous flow hydrogenation process
A process for hydrogenating a sample in a pressure range below supercritical pressure values includes supplying at least a solvent of the sample to be hydrogenated by a feed pump with a constant volume rate into a flow path to create a base solution; adding the sample being dissolved into the flow path; feeding hydrogen into the flow path through a valve configured to transmit hydrogen only into a single direction; leading the dissolved sample in the presence of a catalyst through a hydrogenation reactor, where the reactor is inserted into a section of the flow path located after the hydrogen feeding position; maintaining the pressure of the reaction in a given pressure range by element of a pressure-adjusting unit, and collecting a hydrogenate formed within the hydrogenation reactor in a product receptacle connected to the end of the flow path.
1. A laboratory scale continuous flow hydrogenation process for hydrogenating a sample in a pressure range below supercritical pressure values, comprising the steps of:
(i) supplying at least a solvent of the sample to be hydrogenated by means of a feed pump ( 102 ; 202 ) into a flow path;
(ii) feeding hydrogen into said flow path through a valve ( 120 ; 220 ) on a section located after the sample supplying position of said flow path;
(iii) leading dissolved sample in the presence of a catalyst through a hydrogenation reactor ( 110 ; 210 , 310 - 1 , . . . , 310 - m ), wherein said reactor being inserted into a section of the flow path located after the hydrogen feeding position;
(iv) maintaining the pressure of the reaction in a given pressure range by means of a pressure-adjusting unit ( 112 ; 212 ) inserted into the flow path after the hydrogenation reactor ( 110 ; 210 , 310 - 1 , . . . , 310 - m ), said pressure adjusting unit being capable of tuning said pressure in a quasi-continuous manner;
(v) collecting a hydrogenate formed within the hydrogenation reactor ( 110 ; 210 , 310 - 1 , . . . , 310 - m ) in a product receptacle ( 114 ; 214 ) connected to the end of the flow path, wherein
during said step (i) creating a base solution from said solvent and providing a flow of said base solution with said pump ( 102 ; 202 ) having a substantially constant volume rate, and adding said sample into said flow path; and
in said step (iv) setting the upper value of the pressure range by the pressure-adjusting unit ( 112 ; 212 ) simultaneously with the base solution of step (i) flowing through the reactor ( 110 ; 210 , 310 - 1 , . . . , 310 - m ) to a value that falls below supercritical pressure values of the base solution.
2. The laboratory scale hydrogenation process according to claim 1 , wherein the sample to be hydrogenated is supplied into the flow path in given periods.
3. The laboratory scale hydrogenation process according to claim 2 , wherein within successive periods different samples are supplied and the hydrogenates generated in periods are separately collected.
4. The laboratory scale hydrogenation process according to claim 2 , wherein each sample period is hydrogenated in different hydrogenation reactors ( 310 - 1 , . . . , 310 - m ).
5. The laboratory scale hydrogenation process according to claim 1 , wherein the sample to be hydrogenated is supplied together with the solvent.
6. The laboratory scale hydrogenation process according to claim 1 , wherein in a section of the flow path preceding the hydrogenation reactor ( 110 ; 210 , 310 - 1 , . . . , 310 - m ) the temperature of the dissolved sample is changed to the prescribed temperature of the reaction that falls below supercritical temperature values of the base solution.
7. The laboratory scale hydrogenation process according to claim 1 , wherein the total inner volume of the flow path together with the volume of the hydrogenation reactor ( 110 ; 210 ) is at most 10 cm 3 .
8. The laboratory scale hydrogenation process according to claim 1 , wherein gaseous hydrogen is generated by in-situ electrolysis.
9. The laboratory scale hydrogenation process according to claim 8 , wherein an asymetric pressure electrolytic cell is used to generate hydrogen with a pressure being higher than the pressure maintained in the flow path.
10. The laboratory scale hydrogenation process according to claim 9 , wherein gaseous hydrogen is generated with a pressure ranging from 1 to 500 bar.
11. A laboratory scale continuous flow hydrogenation process for hydrogenating a sample in a pressure range below supercritical pressure values, comprising the steps of:
(i) supplying at least a solvent of the sample to be hydrogenated by means of a feed pump ( 102 ; 202 ) with a substantially constant volume rate into a flow path thereby creating a base solution;
(ii) adding said sample being dissolved into said flow path;
(iii) feeding hydrogen into said flow path through a valve ( 120 ; 220 ) configured to transmit hydrogen only into a single direction, said feeding taking place on a section located after the sample supplying position of said flow path;
(iv) leading the dissolved sample in the presence of a catalyst through a hydrogenation reactor ( 110 ; 210 , 310 - 1 , . . . , 310 - m ), wherein said reactor being inserted into a section of the flow path located after the hydrogen feeding position;
(v) maintaining the pressure of the reaction in a given pressure range by means of a pressure-adjusting unit ( 112 ; 212 ), the pressure-adjusting unit ( 112 ; 212 ) being inserted into the flow path after the hydrogenation reactor ( 110 ; 210 , 310 - 1 , . . . , 310 - m ) and capable of tuning said pressure quasi-continuously, and setting the upper value of the pressure range by the pressure-adjusting unit ( 112 ; 212 ) simultaneously with the base solution flowing through the reactor ( 110 ; 210 , 310 - 1 , . . . , 310 - m ) to a value that falls below supercritical pressure values of the base solution;
(vi) collecting a hydrogenate formed within the hydrogenation reactor ( 110 ; 210 , 310 - 1 , . . . , 310 - m ) in a product receptacle ( 114 ; 214 ) connected to the end of the flow path.