PRO-ENDOTHELIN-1 LEVELS FOR THE PREDICTION OF RISK OF TACHYARRHYTMIC EVENTS
The invention relates to in vitro methods for prognosis and risk-stratification for a patient having a cardiac disease as heart failure. The invention further relates to the use of such a method.
1 . An in vitro method for risk stratification for the occurrence of malignant tachyarrhythmias for a patient having a cardiac disease comprising:
determining the level of Pro-Endothelin-1 (ProET-1) or fragments thereof of at least 12 amino acids in a sample obtained from a patient.
2 . An in vitro method according to claim 1 , wherein said level of Pro-Endothelin-1 (ProET-1) or fragments thereof of at least 12 amino acids is correlated to the risk of malignant tachyarrhythmias requiring implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), and/or an antiarrythmic hybrid therapy.
3 . An in vitro method according to claim 2 , for primary prevention of sudden arrythmic death.
4 . A method according to claim 2 , wherein said correlating step comprises comparing said level of Pro-Endothelin-1 (ProET-1) or fragments thereof of at least 12 amino acids to a threshold level, whereby, when said level of Pro-Endothelin-1 (ProET-1) or fragments thereof of at least 12 amino acids or fragments thereof exceeds said threshold level, said patient is at high risk of tachyarrhythmia.
5 . A method according to claim 4 , wherein said threshold level is at about 73+/−20% pmol/L, if CT-proET-1 is used as a Pro-Endothelin-1 (ProET-1) fragment.
6 . A method according to claim 1 , wherein the cardiac disease is heart failure of either ischemic or non-ischemic etiology.
7 . A method according to claim 1 , wherein the patients have a LV ejection fraction ≦45%.
8 . A method according to claim 1 , wherein said sample is selected from the group comprising a blood sample, a serum sample, and a plasma sample.
9 . A method according to claim 1 , further comprising combining said level of Pro-Endothelin-1 (ProET-1) or fragments thereof of at least 12 amino acids with the level/condition of one or more additional prognostic markers, parameters or factors, whereby the combination of said level of Pro-Endothelin-1 (ProET-1) or fragments thereof of at least 12 amino acids with said level/condition of additional prognostic marker(s), parameter(s) or factor(s) increases the predictive value for risk of said method.
10 . A method according to claim 9 , wherein the additional prognostic marker, parameter or factor is selected from a group comprising all parameters listed in Table 2, which exhibit a p<0.05 in the univariate or multivariate analysis, whereby BNP is only an example for proBNP or fragments thereof of at least 12 amino acids including BNP or NT-proBNP.
11 . A method according to claim 1 , wherein said level of Pro-Endothelin-1 (ProET-1) or fragments thereof of at least 12 amino acids is measured with a sandwich immunoassay.
12 . A method according to claim 1 , wherein the Pro-Endothelin-1 fragment is CT-proET-1.