Prediction of images by prior determination of a family of reference pixels, coding and decoding using such a prediction

1. A method for predicting pixels in an image to be coded with an image coder comprising the steps of:

selecting sets of reference pixels;

determining distances from a current pixel of a group of current pixels to each pixel of the sets of reference pixels, respectively;

selecting a group of reference pixels for the current pixel using a predetermined prediction mode, wherein the group of reference pixels is located in the sets and is closest to the current pixel;

predicting the current pixel based on the reference pixel which, out of the group of reference pixels, is closest to the current pixel.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

determining the number of reference pixels to be selected for the group of reference pixels,

wherein the number corresponds to the predetermined prediction mode.

3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

detecting that a predicted partition contains a contour that prolongs a reference contour,

wherein the selecting step comprises selecting at least one reference pixel of the group of reference pixels that is situated in a same position with respect to the reference contour as at least one current pixel of the group of current pixels.

4. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:

choosing a distance between at least one of the group of current pixels and at least one of the group of reference pixels,

wherein the predetermined prediction mode is based on the chosen distance.

5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the choosing step comprises minimizing the distance so that the reference pixels of the group of reference pixels are situated in a neighborhood closest to the at least one of the group of current pixels.

6. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising

choosing a direction from at least one current pixel of the group of current pixels to at least one of the group of reference pixels,

wherein the predetermined prediction mode is based on the chosen direction.

7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the reference pixels of the group of reference pixels are variable from one partition to another, the method further comprising:

predicting, according to the predetermined prediction mode, the partitions of a group of current pixels based on at least one of the group of reference pixels;

splitting the group of current pixels into a plurality of partitions according to the predicted partitions; and

coding the image using the plurality of partitions.

8. The method according to claim 7 , further comprising

receiving a data stream that includes data representations of the image; and

decoding the image based on the plurality of partitions.

9. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions for implementing the steps recited in claim 1 .

10. A method for predicting pixels in an image to be decoded with an image decoder comprising the steps of:

selecting sets of reference pixels;

determining distances from a current pixel of a group of current pixels to each pixel of the sets of reference pixels, respectively;

selecting a group of reference pixels for the current pixel using a predetermined prediction mode, wherein the group of reference pixels is located in the sets and is closest to the current pixel;

predicting the current pixel based on the reference pixel which, out of the group of reference pixels, is closest to the current pixel.

11. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions for implementing the steps recited in claim 10 .

12. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:

determining the number of reference pixels to be selected for the group of reference pixels,

wherein the number corresponds to the predetermined prediction mode.

13. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:

detecting that a predicted partition contains a contour that prolongs a reference contour,

wherein the selecting step comprises selecting at least one reference pixel of the group of reference pixels that is situated in a same position with respect to the reference contour as at least one current pixel of the group of current pixels.

14. The method according to claim 10 , further comprising:

choosing a distance between at least one of the group of current pixels and at least one of the group of reference pixels,

wherein the predetermined prediction mode is based on the chosen distance.

15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the choosing step comprises minimizing the distance so that the reference pixels of the group of reference pixels are situated in a neighborhood closest to the at least one of the group of current pixels.

16. The method according to claim 10 , further comprising

choosing a direction from at least one current pixel of the group of current pixels to at least one of the group of reference pixels,

wherein the predetermined prediction mode is based on the chosen direction.

17. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the reference pixels of the group of reference pixels are variable from one partition to another, the method further comprising:

predicting, according to the predetermined prediction mode, the partitions of a group of current pixels based on at least one of the group of reference pixels;

splitting the group of current pixels into a plurality of partitions according to the predicted partitions; and

decoding the image using the plurality of partitions.

18. The method of claim 10 , wherein the plurality of reference pixels of the group consists of:

a first pixel located in the neighborhood immediately above the current pixel;

a second pixel located in the neighborhood immediately above the current pixel;

a third pixel located in the neighborhood immediately to the left of the current pixel; and

a fourth pixel located in the neighborhood immediately to the right of the current pixel.

19. A method for predicting pixels in an image to be decoded with an image decoder comprising the steps of:

selecting sets of reference pixels;

determining distances from a current pixel of a group of current pixels to each pixel of the sets of reference pixels, respectively;

selecting a group of reference pixels for the current pixel using a predetermined prediction mode, wherein the group of reference pixels is located in the sets and is closest to the current pixel;

predicting the current pixel based on at least one pixel of the group of reference pixels, the at least one pixel being located in a predetermined direction of prediction.

20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the predetermined direction of prediction is a horizontal direction.

21. The method of claim 19 , wherein the predetermined direction of prediction is a vertical direction.

22. The method of claim 19 , wherein the predicting step comprises predicting the current pixel based on a plurality of the group of reference pixels including said at least one pixels, wherein the plurality of pixels are located in the same predetermined direction of prediction.

23. A method for predicting pixels in an image to be decoded-with an image decoder comprising the steps of:

selecting sets of reference pixels;

determining distances from a current pixel of a group of current pixels to each pixel of the sets of reference pixels, respectively;

selecting a group of reference pixels for the current pixel using a predetermined prediction mode, the group of references pixels including a first reference pixel and a second reference pixel, wherein the group of reference pixels is located in the sets and is closest to the current pixel,

wherein the first reference pixel is located in a first predetermined direction of prediction and the second reference pixel is located in a second predetermined direction of prediction, the first and second predetermined directions being different from one another;

predicting the current pixel based on the first and second reference pixels.

24. The method of claim 23 , wherein the first predetermined direction of prediction is a vertical direction and the second predetermined direction of prediction is a horizontal direction.