Process for producing renewable gasoline, and fuel compositions produced therefrom
The present invention provides a process for producing gasoline components from syngas. Syngas is converted to one or more of methanol, ethanol, mixed alcohols, and dimethyl ether, followed by various combinations of separations and reactions to produce gasoline components with oxygenates, such as alcohols. The syngas is preferably derived from biomass or another renewable carbon-containing feedstock, thereby providing a biorefining process for the production of renewable gasoline.
1. A process for producing gasoline components, said process comprising:
(a) generating or providing syngas;
(b) converting said syngas using an alcohol-synthesis catalyst to a first stream comprising two or more C 1 -C 4 alcohols;
(c) converting at least some of said first stream using an ether-synthesis catalyst to a second stream comprising one or more ethers; and
(d) converting at least some of said second stream using a zeolite catalyst to a third stream comprising one or more gasoline components,
wherein said C 1 -C 4 alcohols include ethanol, and wherein said process further comprises seperating a portion of said ethanol prior to step (c).
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein said syngas is derived from biomass.
3. The process of claim 1 , further comprising removing a portion of water from said first stream prior to step (d).
4. The process of claim 1 , further comprising removing a portion of water from said first stream prior to step (c).
5. The process of claim 1 , further comprising separating a portion of said one or more ethers prior to step (d).
6. The process of claim 5 , additionally comprising combining said portion of said one or more ethers with said gasoline components, thereby generating oxygenated gasoline components.
7. The process of claim 1 , additionally comprising combining said portion of said ethanol with said gasoline components, thereby generating ethanol-containing gasoline components.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein said gasoline components include at least one C 5 -C 10 hydrocarbon.
9. The process of claim 1 , further comprising hydrotreating at least some of said gasoline components.
10. The process of claim 1 , further comprising isomerizing at least some of said gasoline components.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein said gasoline components meet fuel specification ASTM D 4814-09a.
12. The process of claim 1 , further comprising blending said gasoline components as a blendstock with another fuel, thereby generating gasoline.
13. The process of claim 12 , wherein said gasoline meets fuel specification ASTM D 4814-09a.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein said third stream further includes non-gasoline components that are recycled back to step (a).
15. The process of claim 14 , wherein said non-gasoline components include C 2 -C 4 hydrocarbon gases.
16. A process for producing gasoline components, said process comprising:
(a) generating or providing syngas;
(b) converting said syngas using an alcohol-synthesis catalyst to a first stream comprising two or more C 1 -C 4 alcohols;
(c) converting at least some of said first stream using a zeolite catalyst to one or more olefins; and
(d) converting at least some of said one or more olefins using said zeolite catalyst to a second stream comprising one or more gasoline components,
said process further comprising seperating a portion of said two or more C 1 -C 4 alcohols prior to step (c).
17. The process of claim 16 , wherein said syngas is derived from biomass.
18. The process of claim 16 , additionally comprising combining said portion of said two or more C 1 -C 4 alcohols with said gasoline components, thereby generating oxygenated gasoline components.
19. The process of claim 16 , wherein said C 1 -C 4 alcohols include ethanol, and wherein said process further comprises separating a portion of said ethanol prior to step (c).
20. The process of claim 16 , wherein said gasoline components meet fuel specification ASTM D 4814-09a.
21. The process of claim 16 , further comprising blending said gasoline components as a blendstock with another fuel, thereby generating gasoline.
22. The process of claim 21 , wherein said gasoline meets fuel specification ASTM D 4814-09a.