Two-stage, slow-start valve apparatus
A two-stage, slow-start valve includes a minor valve assembly inside a major valve closure member of a major valve closure assembly so that fluid can flow through the valve at a higher rate by opening the major valve assembly or at a lower rate by opening the minor valve assembly while the major valve closure assembly is closed in order to allow fluid to flow in an alternate flow path through the major valve closure member. The example minor valve closure assembly has a minor valve closure member that is actuated to open by a minor valve piston on which minor valve actuating fluid is applied to the minor piston via a diaphragm seal positioned between the minor piston and the minor valve actuating fluid. Both the major valve closure assembly and the minor valve closure assembly can be pneumatically actuated to open.
1. Two-stage valve apparatus, comprising:
a valve body and a valve bonnet enclosing a valve chamber between a first port and a second port;
a major valve seat around the second port;
a major valve closure assembly positioned in the valve chamber between the first port and the second port including a major valve closure member positioned in axial alignment with the major valve seat and being movable between a closed mode, in which the major valve closure member is seated on the major valve seat to prevent fluid flow between the first port and the second port, and an opened mode, in which the major valve closure member is moved away from the major valve seat to allow fluid flow between the first port and the second port, wherein the major valve closure assembly has an alternate flow channel extending through the major valve closure member between a first location on the major valve closure member that is in fluid-flow communication with the first port when the major valve closure member is seated on the major valve seat and a second location on the major valve closure member that is in fluid-flow communication with the second port when the major valve closure member is seated on the major valve seat;
a major piston in a major piston chamber over the valve bonnet and a major piston rod extending from the major piston to the major valve closure member for moving the major valve closure member between the closed mode and the open mode; and
minor valve closure apparatus positioned in the alternate flow channel in the major valve closure member between the first location and the second location, said minor valve closure apparatus including a minor valve seat around one opening of the alternate flow channel and a minor valve closure member positioned in axial alignment with the minor valve seat and being movable between a closed mode, in which the minor valve closure member is seated on the minor valve seat to prevent fluid flow between the first location and the second location, and an opened mode, in which the minor valve closure member is moved away from the minor valve seat to allow fluid flow between the first location and the second location, wherein the minor valve closure apparatus includes: (i) a minor piston positioned in a minor piston chamber in the major valve closure member, an upper end of the minor piston chamber over the minor piston being in fluid flow communication with a minor valve actuation fluid duct that extends longitudinally through the major piston rod from above the major piston to the minor piston chamber; (ii) a minor spring retainer plate positioned a distance below the minor valve seat such that there is a space between the minor valve seat and the minor spring retainer plate; (iii) a minor valve closure member connected to the minor piston and positioned in the space between the minor valve seat and the minor spring retainer plate in a manner that accommodates upward movement of the minor valve closure member between the minor valve seat and the minor spring retainer plate to the closed mode and downward movement of the minor valve closure member between the minor valve seat and the minor spring retainer plate to the opened mode; and (iv) a minor valve spring positioned between the minor spring retainer plate and the minor valve closure member for applying a closure force on the minor valve closure member.
2. The two-stage valve apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the minor valve closure apparatus includes a flexible diaphragm positioned in the minor cylinder housing between the minor piston and the minor valve actuation fluid duct.
3. The two-stage valve apparatus of claim 2 , wherein an extension of the minor piston extends through a minor flow aperture that is part of the alternate flow channel to the minor valve closure member.
4. The two-stage valve apparatus of claim 3 , including:
a cap over the major piston chamber, the cap including a major sleeve having an interior channel in fluid flow relation with a minor valve actuation fluid inlet port; and
a guide shaft slidably positioned in the interior channel of the major sleeve and extending through the major piston chamber into connection with the major piston rod, the guide shaft having a longitudinal duct that connects the interior channel of the major sleeve in fluid flow relation to the minor valve actuation fluid duct in the major piston rod.
5. Two-stage valve apparatus, comprising:
a valve body and a valve bonnet enclosing a valve chamber between a first port and a second port;
a major valve seat around the second port;
a major valve closure assembly positioned in the valve chamber including a major valve closure member positioned in axial alignment with the major valve seat and being movable between a closed mode, in which the major valve closure member is seated on the major valve seat to prevent fluid flow between the first port and the second port, and an opened mode, in which the major valve closure member is moved away from the major valve seat to allow fluid flow between the first port and the second port, said major valve closure assembly having an alternate flow channel extending through the major valve closure member between a first location on the major valve closure member that is in fluid-flow communication with the first port when the major valve closure member is seated on the major valve seat and a second location on the major valve closure member that is in fluid-flow communication with the second port when the major valve closure member is seated on the major valve seat; and
minor valve closure apparatus positioned in the major valve closure member between the first location and the second location, said minor valve closure apparatus including a minor valve seat around one opening of the alternate flow channel and a minor valve closure member positioned in axial alignment with the minor valve seat and being movable between a closed mode, in which the minor valve closure member is seated on the minor valve seat to prevent fluid flow between the first location and the second location, and an opened mode, in which the minor valve closure member is moved away from the minor valve seat to allow fluid flow between the first location and the second location, said minor valve closure apparatus including a minor cylinder housing positioned in the major valve closure member, a minor piston that is positioned slidably in the minor cylinder housing and is connected to the minor valve closure member, a minor valve actuation fluid duct connected in fluid flow relation to the minor cylinder housing for applying actuation fluid pressure on the minor piston in the minor cylinder housing; and a flexible diaphragm positioned in the minor cylinder housing between the minor piston and the minor valve actuation fluid duct.
6. The two-stage valve apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the flexible diaphragm is impervious to the minor valve actuation fluid.
7. The two-stage valve apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the flexible diaphragm is seated to the minor cylinder housing between the minor piston and the minor valve actuation fluid duct to prevent fluid-flow communication between the minor valve actuation fluid duct and the alternative flow channel.
8. The two-stage valve apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the flexible diaphragm comprises elastomer rubber or perfluoro-polymer material in a thickness range of 0.030 to 0.125 inch.
9. The two-stage valve apparatus of claim 5 , including a major piston rod extending from the major valve closure member, through the valve bonnet, to a major piston in a major cylinder housing, wherein the minor valve actuation fluid duct extends longitudinally through the major piston rod to the minor cylinder housing.
10. The two-stage valve apparatus of claim 9 , including:
a cap on the major cylinder housing that includes a major sleeve having an interior channel in fluid-flow relation with a minor valve actuation fluid inlet port; and
a guide shaft slidably positioned in the interior channel and extending through the major cylinder housing to the major piston and having a duct extending longitudinally through the guide shaft, wherein the guide bolt, major piston, and the major piston rod are connected together in a manner that provides fluid-flow communication from the interior channel in the major sleeve, through the longitudinal duct in the guide shaft, to the minor valve actuation fluid duct in the major piston rod.
11. The two-stage valve apparatus of claim 9 , including:
a major valve spring positioned in the valve body in a manner that applies closure spring force on the major valve closure member for seating the major valve closure member on the major valve seat;
a major piston positioned in an axially slidable manner in the major cylinder housing and connected to the major piston rod;
a major valve actuation fluid inlet port in a portion of the major cylinder housing on a side of the major piston on which applied major valve actuation fluid pressure forces the piston against the closure force of the major valve spring on the major valve closure member to move the major valve closure member away from the major valve seat; and
an impervious bellows surrounding the major piston rod and the major valve spring and extending between, and attached at opposite ends to, the major valve closure member and the bonnet, respectively, and wherein the bonnet has a duct that connects the space enclosed by the bellows in fluid-flow relation to ambient outside the valve body.