Press with a transfer device for the stepwise displacement of the workpieces and with a gripper rail coupling
A press with gripper rails for grasping and relocating workpieces onto a work table, the gripper rails being movable in a horizontal plane and vertically by a transfer device. The gripper rails are connected to the respective parts of the transfer device by gripper rail couplings, a locking mechanism with a tie rod being provided, which locks or frees the gripper rail coupling. To actuate the locking mechanism, an actuating element is provided which displaces the tie rod between a holding position and a releasing position and which can be actuated by the gripper rail coupling being lowered or raised. Furthermore, the locking mechanism has a spring element which holds the tie rod in the holding position. Finally, the locking mechanism has a latching mechanism with a detent, which fixes the tie rod in the releasing position and which is freed automatically when the gripper rail coupling is being coupled.
1. A press for the production or forming of workpieces that acquire their final form in a plurality of steps, comprising a transfer device ( 2 ) for stepwise displacement of the workpieces to individual forming stations of the press, the transfer device ( 2 ) having at least one gripper rail ( 3 ) which is movable back and forth in an advancing direction for the advance and return movement and includes gripper parts or gripper regions ( 7 ) for grasping the workpieces, and which can be adjusted for grasping the workpieces and for moving in the advancing direction and subsequently into an initial position again, the transfer device ( 2 ) having at least one gripper rail coupling ( 14 ) with a coupling piece ( 15 ) and with a coupling counterpiece ( 16 ) fixedly connected to the gripper rail ( 3 ) and designed to fit with the coupling piece ( 15 ), the coupling piece ( 15 ) being separable from the coupling counterpiece ( 16 ) and connectable thereto for a tool change, and the coupling piece ( 15 ) having a locking mechanism ( 17 ), the locking mechanism ( 17 ) has a tie rod ( 18 ) which is oriented essentially parallel to a direction of connection ( 26 ) of the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ) and which can be displaced by a first actuating element ( 19 ) between a holding position and a releasing position of the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ), and in the holding position, the tie rod ( 18 ) presses at least one locking element ( 21 ) into a recess ( 22 ) of the coupling counterpiece ( 16 ) transversely with respect to the direction of connection ( 26 ) of the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ) and radially outward, the first actuating element ( 19 ) can be actuated mechanically from outside, and an actuation directed transversely with respect to the direction of connection ( 26 ) of the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ) can be converted into a displacement of the tie rod ( 18 ) by the first actuating element ( 19 ).
2. The press as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in order to actuate the first actuating element ( 19 ), a movement of the gripper rail ( 3 ), with the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ), in relation to a bearing bracket ( 31 ) or a tool table ( 5 ) transversely with respect to an extent of the gripper rail ( 3 ) is provided, and the first actuating element ( 19 ) can be acted upon by this movement of the gripper rail ( 3 ).
3. The press as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the tie rod ( 18 ) is held in the holding position by a restoring force or spring ( 34 ), and the tie rod ( 18 ) can be drawn back into the releasing position in relation to the coupling piece ( 15 ) by the first actuating element ( 19 ), counter to the restoring force or the force of the spring ( 34 ), in order to release the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ).
4. The press as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the bearing bracket ( 31 ) or tool table ( 5 ) has formed thereon a guide element ( 32 , 36 ) which guides the coupling counterpiece ( 16 ), with the gripper rail ( 3 ), displaceably along or parallel to the direction of actuation of the first actuating element ( 19 ) in a reception region and which fixes said coupling counterpiece in the reception region against displacement along the direction of connection ( 26 ) of the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ).
5. The press as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the guide element ( 36 ) is designed as a pin which engages into a correspondingly designed recess ( 37 ) in the sliding rail ( 3 ) or in the coupling counterpiece ( 16 ).
6. The press as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the bearing bracket ( 31 ) or tool table ( 5 ) has a release projection ( 32 ), the release projection ( 32 ) comes into operative connection with the first actuating element ( 19 ) as a result of a lowering of the gripper rail ( 3 ), with the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ), and as a result of a further lowering movement, the tie rod ( 18 ) can be transferred into the releasing position via the first actuating element ( 19 ) for releasing the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ).
7. The press as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the first actuating element ( 19 ) provided is a gearwheel ( 28 ) or toothed quadrant with a pivoting arm ( 27 ), which pivoting arm ( 27 ) can be pivoted by the release projection ( 32 ), with the result that the gearwheel ( 28 ) or toothed quadrant can be rotated, and the tie rod ( 18 ) or a part connected to it has a rack ( 30 ) which meshes with the gearwheel ( 28 ) or toothed quadrant, so that the tie rod ( 18 ) can be drawn back as a result of the pivoting of the pivoting arm ( 27 ) via toothing of the gearwheel ( 28 ) or toothed quadrant.
8. The press as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the first actuating element ( 19 ) provided is a second rack, which meshes with a gearwheel ( 28 ) or toothed quadrant which meshes with a toothing of the tie rod ( 18 ), and the second rack can be adjusted transversely or at right angles to the tie rod ( 18 ), so that the tie rod ( 18 ) can be drawn back as a result of the displacement of the second rack via toothing of the gearwheel ( 28 ) or toothed quadrant.
9. The press as claimed in claim 8 , wherein for the engagement of the gearwheel ( 28 ) on the second rack and on the toothing of the tie rod ( 18 ), the gearwheel ( 28 ) or toothed quadrant is designed as a toothed roller.
10. The press as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first actuating element ( 19 ) is a tappet with an oblique face which engages on a counterface connected to the tie rod ( 18 ), so that the tie rod ( 18 ) can be drawn back as a result of a displacement of the tappet.
11. The press as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the oblique face of the tappet and the counterface engaging on the tie rod ( 18 ) are oblique faces bearing one against the other over their area.
12. The press as claimed in claim 1 , wherein as the first actuating element ( 19 ) or as an additional actuating element, a tool engagement place arranged on the gearwheel ( 28 ) and also a tool fitting with the tool engagement place are provided.
13. The press as claimed in claim 1 , wherein after the tie rod ( 18 ) has been drawn back, the locking element or locking elements ( 21 ) is or are released, and the coupling piece ( 15 ) can thereby be drawn back into an uncoupled position with respect to the coupling counterpiece ( 16 ) along the direction of connection ( 26 ) of the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ).
14. The press as claimed in claim 3 , wherein in order to fix the tie rod ( 18 ) in the releasing position counter to the restoring force or spring ( 34 ) acting thereon, a latching mechanism ( 38 ) with a detent ( 39 ) is provided, which is out of engagement in the holding position of the tie rod ( 18 ) and which detains in an uncoupled position of the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ).
15. The press as claimed in claim 14 , wherein the detent ( 39 ) can be actuated mechanically by a second actuating element ( 42 ), and the second actuating element ( 42 ) converts an actuation acting from outside and directed essentially parallel to the direction of connection ( 26 ) of the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ) into an actuation of the detent ( 39 ).
16. The press as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the second actuating element ( 42 ) has a pivotably mounted lever arm ( 42 ), the detent ( 39 ) can be adjusted transversely with respect to the tie rod ( 18 ) by a pivoting movement of the lever arm ( 42 ), and the tie rod ( 18 ) has a clearance ( 40 ) which is arranged in a region of the detent ( 39 ) after the tie rod ( 18 ) has been drawn back, so that the detent ( 39 ) engages into the clearance ( 40 ) by a spring force ( 46 ) as a result of the pivoting of the lever arm ( 42 ) and comes into a detaining position.
17. The press as claimed in claim 16 , wherein to release the detent ( 39 ) on the gripper rail ( 3 ) or on the coupling counterpiece ( 16 ) connected to the latter, a second release projection ( 43 ) is arranged, which engages under the lever arm ( 42 ) carrying the detent ( 39 ), during the closing of the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ), pivots said lever arm and thereby disengages the detent ( 39 ).
18. The press as claimed in claim 17 , wherein at least one of the lever arm ( 42 ) actuating the detent ( 39 ) or the second release projection ( 43 ) are/is sloped or rounded at locations and faces ( 44 , 45 ) touching one another.
19. The press as claimed in claim 17 , wherein the lever arm ( 42 ) actuating the detent ( 39 ) acts, on one side of a pivot mounting ( 41 ) therefor, upon the detent ( 39 ) and cooperates with the second release projection ( 43 ).
20. The press as claimed in claim 19 , wherein a compression spring ( 46 ) engages on the detent ( 39 )—actuating lever arm ( 42 ) on the other side of the pivot mounting ( 41 ), and brings the lever arm ( 42 ) and the detent ( 39 ) into a position of use after the coupling piece ( 15 ) has been drawn back out of the coupling position and away from the second release projection ( 43 ).
21. The press as claimed in claim 20 , wherein the coupling piece ( 15 ) has a recess ( 48 ) on an underside ( 47 ) thereof, the first actuating element ( 19 ) projects partially out of the recess ( 48 ), and the recess ( 48 ) is open in the direction of connection ( 26 ) of the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ).
22. The press as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one locking element ( 21 ) is designed as a ball, and the recess ( 22 ), receiving the locking element ( 21 ), of the coupling counterpiece ( 16 ) is a spherical sleeve ( 23 ).
23. The press as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the coupling piece ( 15 ) has a conical portion ( 25 ) and the coupling counterpiece ( 16 ) has a correspondingly conical reception region, and the locking mechanism ( 17 ) is arranged concentrically with respect to a cone-like portion ( 25 ) of the coupling piece ( 15 ).
24. The press as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the direction of connection ( 26 ) of the gripper rail coupling ( 14 ) is oriented transversely with respect to an extent of the gripper rail ( 3 ).