Enhanced metal-core thermoelectric cooling and power generation device
In various embodiments of the present invention, a thermoelectric device is provided. The thermoelectric device includes one or more thermoelements that transfer heat across the ends of the thermoelectric device. A method for creating the thermoelectric device includes forming a metal substrate, and etching one or more surfaces of the metal substrate to form etched portions. The unetched flat portions on the metal substrate are referred to as mesa cores. Thereafter, thermoelectric films are deposited on the one or more surfaces of the metal substrate. The deposition of the thermoelectric films on the mesa cores results in the formation of a thermoelement.
1. A p-type or n-type thermoelement for use in thermoelectric devices, the thermoelement comprising:
a metal substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface, at least one of the first surface and the second surface comprising one or more grooved portions and one or more flat portions, wherein the one or more flat portions have a cross-section area that defines the electrical and thermal resistance of the thermoelement, and the one or more grooved portions have the form of a circular arc having a radius of about 100 micrometers; and
one or more thermoelectric films, wherein at least one of the one or more thermoelectric films is provided on the metal substrate, wherein both the first surface and the second surface of the metal substrate comprise the one or more grooved portions and the one or more thermoelectric films, wherein the metal substrate is disposed between the one or more thermoelectric films of the first surface and the one or more thermoelectric films of the second surface such that the one or more thermoelectric films directly conform to the first surface and second surface, respectively.
2. The thermoelement of claim 1 further comprising a layer of thermal diffusion barrier elements present on the one or more thin thermoelectric films.
3. The thermoelement of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more thermoelectric films is a p-type thermoelectric film.
4. The thermoelement of claim 3 , wherein the p-type thermoelectric film comprises one or more of Bi 2 Te 3 —Sb 2 Te 3 pseudo-ternary systems, Zn 4 Sb 3 , Ag 0.5 Pb 6 Sn 2 Sb 0.2 Te 10 , MnSi 1.73 , and NaCo 2 O 4 .
5. The thermoelement of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the one or more thermoelectric films is an n-type thermoelectric film.
6. The thermoelement of claim 5 , wherein the n-type thermoelectric film comprises one or more of Bi 2 Te 3 —Sb 2 Te 3 pseudo-ternary systems, lead telluride (PbTe), AgPb 18 SbTe 20 , indium antimonide (InSb), gallium indium antimonide (GaInSb), indium arsenide (InAs), cobalt antimonide (CoSb 3 ), nickel antimonide (NiSb 3 ), iron antimonide (FeSb 3 ), ytterbium aluminide (YbAl 3 ), and magnesium silicide.
7. The thermoelement of claim 1 , wherein the first surface of the metal substrate comprises the one or more thermoelectric films and the second surface of the metal substrate comprises a layer of thermal diffusion barrier elements.
8. A thermoelectric device comprising:
a plurality of p-type or n-type thermoelements, the thermoelements comprising:
a metal substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface, at least one of the first surface and the second surface comprising one or more grooved portions and one or more flat portions, wherein the one or more flat portions have a cross-section area that defines the electrical and thermal resistance of the thermoelements, and the one or more grooved portions have the form of a circular arc having a radius of about 100 micrometers; and
one or more thermoelectric films, wherein at least one of the one or more thermoelectric films is provided on the metal substrate, wherein both the first surface and the second surface of the metal substrate comprise the one or more grooved portions and the one or more thermoelectric films, wherein the metal substrate is disposed between the one or more thermoelectric films of the first surface and the one or more thermoelectric films of the second surface such that the one or more thermoelectric films directly conform to the first surface and the second surface, respectively;
one or more metallic interconnects connected with the thermoelements; and
one or more layers made of thermally conducting but electrically insulating material connected with the one or more metal interconnects.
9. The thermoelectric device of claim 8 , wherein the one or more metallic interconnects are connected with the thermoelements through metal solders.
10. The thermoelectric device of claim 8 , wherein the thermoelements comprise one or more p-type thermoelements and one or more n-type thermoelements.
11. The thermoelement of claim 2 , wherein the thermal diffusion barrier layer comprises at least one of: i) aluminum, ii) titanium tungsten, iii) nickel, iv) gold, v) a titanium tungsten and nickel compound, and vi) a titanium tungsten and platinum and gold compound.