Hybrid drive unit and method for its operation
The invention relates to a hybrid drive unit, in which for the most optimum possible synergetic use of the combustion engine drive and electromotive drive, a multi-speed clutch- and gear assembly is provided, in which both the combustion engine drive power and also the electromotive drive power is introduced into an input member of the clutch- and gear assembly. Hereby, numerous drive variants are made possible, which allow the drive machines to cooperate with each other according to requirements. The invention additionally relates to the method by which such a drive unit is operated.
1. A hybrid drive unit for a hybrid vehicle comprising:
an electric drive machine for delivering an electromotive drive power;
a combustion engine drive machine for delivering a combustion engine drive power; and
a transmission comprising a combined clutch-and-gear assembly;
wherein the transmission comprises (a) a planetary gear train comprising a sun wheel, a planet carrier, and a hollow wheel; (b) at least a first gear ratio and a second gear ratio; and (c) a first clutch comprising a first clutch device arranged in the sun wheel,
wherein in both first gear ratio and second gear ratio, the electromotive drive power and combustion engine drive power are both introduced at the sun wheel, and wherein the combusion engine drive power is introduced into the sun wheel through positive engangement of the first clutch device.
2. The hybrid drive unit according to claim 1 ,
wherein the transmission further comprises an output member and a second clutch,
wherein a drive power leaves the planetary gear train through the output member, and
wherein the second clutch is capable of coupling the sun wheel and the output member such that they do not move relative to one another when acted upon by torque.
3. The hybrid drive unit according to claim 1 ,
wherein the transmission is arranged in a housing, and
wherein the hollow wheel can be coupled to the housing such that it does not move relative to the housing when acted upon by torque.
4. The hybrid drive unit according to claim 1 ,
wherein the planetary gear train comprises gear stages, and
wherein the gear stages are configured such that the constant power range of the electric drive machine in the first gear ratio joins on approximately seamlessly to the constant power range in the second gear ratio.
5. The hybrid drive unit according to claim 1 ,
wherein the following are arranged coaxially:
(a) the combustion engine drive machine,
(b) a drive input by which the electromotive drive power is introduced into the sun wheel,
(c) the planetary gear train, and
(d) an output member, through which a drive power leaves the planetary gear train.
6. A method for operating a hybrid drive unit according to claim 1 ,
wherein the transmission is arranged in a housing,
wherein the transmission further comprises a second clutch and a brake, and
wherein the planetary gear train is multi-speed, the sun wheel is a first member of the planetary gear train, and the carrier and the hollow wheel are second members of the planetary gear train,
wherein the method comprises the following steps:
(a) introduction of the electromotive drive power and the combustion engine drive power into the sun wheel of the planetary gear train,
(b) providing a first gear ratio by holding a second member of the planetary gear train with the brake such that it does not rotate relative to the housing when acted upon by torque,
(c) providing a second gear ratio by closing the second clutch, wherein the second clutch locks two of the sun wheel, the planet carrier, and the hollow wheel together,
wherein when the second clutch is closed the brake is not actuated, and when the brake is actuated the second clutch is open, and
wherein the combusion engine drive power is introduced into the sun wheel through positive engagement of the first clutch device.
7. The method according to claim 6 ,
wherein the rate of rotation of the combustion engine is adapted to the rate of rotation of an input shaft of the transmission prior to actuating the first clutch.
8. The method according to claim 6 ,
wherein a recuperation operation occurs when a vehicle containing the hybrid drive is at low vehicle speed in one gear ratio or at high vehicle speed in another gear ratio.
9. The method according to claim 6 ,
wherein the accelaration of a vehicle containing the hybrid drive from standstill occurs electromotively, and wherein, during operation of the vehicle, the combustion engine drive machine may only be coupled to the sun wheel when an input shaft rotation rate is equal to or greater than an idling rotation rate of the combustion engine.
10. A power transmission system in a hybrid vehicle, comprising:
an internal combustion engine having an engine output shaft;
an electric motor having a motor output shaft;
a clutch device; and
a transmission comprising a planetary gear train, wherein the planetary gear train comprises a sun gear, a planet carrier, and a hollow wheel, and wherein the planetary gear train comprises a plurality of gear ratios;
wherein the engine output shaft and the motor output shaft deliver power to the sun gear in all gear ratios, and wherein the motor output shaft engages the sun gear through positive engagement of the clutch device.