Cellulosic protein expression in yeast
The present invention provides for combinations of enzymes and other proteins that result in improved saccharification of plant material. The invention provides for saccharification in the presence of and optional fermentation by, yeast cells expressing the enzymes and other proteins.
1. An isolated yeast cell that heterologously expresses the following proteins:
(a) an expansin comprising the polypeptide sequence of SEQ ID NO:5; and
(b) a glucosidase, and
(c) a laccase.
2. The isolated yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the yeast cell further expresses a beta expansin.
3. The isolated yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the proteins are secreted outside the yeast cell.
4. The isolated yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the proteins are linked to the yeast cell wall or cell membrane.
5. The isolated yeast cell of claim 1 , wherein the yeast is selected from the group consisting of Saccharomyces ssp., Schizosaccharomyces ssp., Candida ssp., Cryptococcus ssp., Hansenula ssp., Kluyveromyces ssp. and Pichia ssp.
6. A cell culture comprising the yeast cell of claim 1 , further comprising a source of cellulose.
7. The cell culture of claim 6 , wherein the concentration of yeast cells is at least 10 5 cfu/ml.
8. A method of converting a source of cellulose into sugars, the method comprising:
(a) incubating the source of cellulose in an aqueous medium with a culture of the yeast of claim 1 for a sufficient length of time to convert the cellulose in the source into sugars.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the source of cellulose is at least 5% cellulose.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the source of cellulose is selected from the group consisting of wood, distillers grain, sugar cane, rice straw, rice hulls, wheat straw, switchgrass, waste agricultural material, sawdust, recycled building materials, paper, cardboard, composite board, sludge, corn stover, whole corn, ground corn, corn silage, sorghum, and energy cane.
11. The method of claim 8 , wherein the sugar formed by the method is fermented by the yeast to produce alcohols.
12. The method of claim 8 , wherein the concentration of yeast cells is at least 10 5 cfu/ml.