Aviation gasoline for aircraft piston engines, preparation process thereof
The subject of the present disclosure is an aviation gasoline composition that is lead-free and free of oxygenated compounds meeting the specifications of the ASTM standard comprising isopentane, isooctane, and (alkyl)aromatics. The aviation gasoline composition according to the disclosure may be obtained simply and economically from a mixture of hydrocarbon bases usually available in a refinery.
1. A lead-free aviation gasoline (AVGAS) having a Motor Octane Number (MON) comprised between 91 and 92.1 and without any oxygenated compound, the aviation gasoline being prepared by mixing of:
10 to 20% by volume of at least one isopentane cut B1:
62% to 88% by volume of at least one aviation alkylate base B2 essentially consisting of isoparaffins comprising 6 to 9 carbon atoms; and
1 to 22% by volume of at least one base of the aviation reformate type B3 essentially consisting of one of: alkylaromatics and aromatics, the mixture yielding a composition consisting essentially of:
from 10 to 22% by volume of isopentane (2-methyl-butane);
from 30 to 32% by volume of isooctane (2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane);
from 1.8 to 20% by volume of aromatics including 1 to 10% by volume of toluene; and
up to 100% by volume of components(s) selected from:
C4-C5 isoparaffins other than isopentane,
C6-C9 isoparaffins other than isooctane and
paraffins, iso-and n-paraffins other than isopentane and isooctane;
less than or equal to 500 ppm of sulphur, the sulpher content being measured according to the ASTM D1266 or ASTMD2622 standard; and
less than 1000 PPM of at least one additive selected from: antioxidants, anti-icing agents, antistatic additives, corrosion inhibitors/lubricating power enhancer, agents enhancing cold properties, tracer additives, coloring agents, detergents and mixtures thereof;
and containing not more than 1% of triptane (2, 2, 3-trimethyl-butane) and not more than 4% of 2, 2, 3-trimethyl-pentane.
2. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 , consisting essentially of:
from 14 to 22% by volume of isopentane;
from 30 to 32% by volume of isooctane;
from 8 to 20% by volume of aromatics;
up to 100% by volume of component(s) selected from:
C4-C5 isoparaffins other than isopentrane,
C6-C9 isoparaffins other than isooctane, and
paraffins, iso and n-paraffins other than isopentane and isooctane.
3. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 , consisting essentially of:
from 20 to 22% by volume of isopentane;
from 30 to 32% by volume of isooctane;
from 15 to 18% by volume of aromatics;
up to 100% by volume of component(s) selected from:
C4-C5 isoparaffins other than isopentrane,
C6-C9 isoparaffins other than isooctane, and
paraffins, iso and n-paraffins other than isopentane and isooctane.
4. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 , the sulphur content of which measured according to the ASTM D1266 or ASTMD2622° standard is less than or equal to 100 ppm.
5. A method for preparing a gasoline composition according to claim 1 , said method comprising mixing of:
10 to 20% by volume of at least one isopentane cut B1;
62 to 88% by volume of at least one aviation alkylate base B2 essentially consisting of isoparaffins comprising 6 to 9 carbon atoms; and
1 to 22% by volume of at least one base of the aviation reformate type B3 essentially consisting of one of: alkylaromatics and aromatic.
6. The method according to claim 5 , in addition to bases B1 to B3, at least one other bases or cuts are added stemming from at least one of: standard refining operations and synthetic hydrocarbons, such as those obtained by at least one of: oligomerization of olefins, by Fisher-Tropsch synthesis, by methods of the BTL (biomass to liquid), CTL (gas to liquid) and GTL (gas to liquid) type from materials of at least one of: natural and synthetic origin, of animal and plant and fossil origin.
7. The method according to claim 5 , further comprising at least one of: toluene, isooctane and isopentane, are added to the mixture of bases B1, B2 and B3, and to the optional other bases.
8. The aviation gasoline composition according to claim 1 , wherein the gasoline is an aircraft piston engine fuel.
9. A lead-free aviation gasoline (AVGAS) having a Motor Octane Number (MON) comprised between 91 and 92.1, and without any oxygenated compound, the aviation gasoline being prepared by mixing of:
10 to 20% by volume of at least one isopentane cut B1;
62 to 88% by volume of at least one aviation alkylate base B2 essentially consisting of isoparaffins comprising 6 to 9 carbon atoms; and
1 to 22% by volume of at least one base of the aviation reformate type B3 essentially consisting of one of: alkylaromatics and aromatics, the mixture yielding a composition consisting essentially of:
from 10 to 22% by volume of isopentane (2-methyl-butane);
from 30 to 32% by volume of isooctane (2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane);
from 1.8 to 20% by volume of aromatics including 1 to 10% by volume of toluene;
at least one additive selected from: antioxidants, anti-icing agents, antistatic additives, corrosion inhibitors/lubricating power enhancer, agents enhancing cold properties, tracer additives, coloring agents, detergents and mixtures thereof;
up to 100% by volume of component(s) selected from:
C4-C5 isoparaffins other than isopentane,
C6-C9 isoparaffins other than isooctane and
paraffins, iso- and n-paraffins other than isopentane and isooctane;
and containing not more than 1% of triptane (2,2,3-trimethyl-butane) and not more than 4% of 2,2,3-trimethyl-pentane.