Method for the preparation of ferrous low carbon porous material
A method for preparing a porous metal article using a powder metallurgy forming process is provided which eliminates the conventional steps associated with removing residual carbon. The method uses a feedstock that includes a ferrous metal powder and a polycarbonate binder. The polycarbonate binder can be removed by thermal decomposition after the metal article is formed without leaving a carbon residue.
1. A method for preparing a low carbon content ferrous porous metal article, comprising the steps of:
mixing a low carbon content ferrous metal powder with a polycarbonate binder to form a feedstock;
feeding the feedstock to a powder metallurgy forming process;
forming the feedstock into a metal article using the powder metallurgy forming process;
heating the metal article to decompose and remove the polycarbonate binder and form a debinded metal article; and
sintering the debinded metal article to form the low carbon content ferrous porous metal article,
wherein the method is devoid of a step of removing residual carbon.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the low carbon content ferrous metal powder has a carbon content less than about 0.10% by weight and the low carbon content ferrous porous metal article has a carbon content less than about 0.10% by weight.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the low carbon content ferrous metal powder is selected from the group consisting of iron, iron-chromium alloys, iron-chromium-nickel alloys, iron-chromium-zinc alloys, iron-chromium-aluminum alloys, iron-chromium-magnesium alloys, iron-chromium-lead alloys, iron-aluminum alloys, iron-zinc alloys, stainless steels, iron-nickel alloys, and combinations thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polycarbonate binder is selected from the group consisting of bisphenol P-type polycarbonates, bisphenol Z-type polycarbonates, copolymer-type polycarbonates of bisphenol P and bisphenol A, copolymers of a structural unit derived from benzophenone and a structural unit derived from diphenylmethan, poly (propylene carbonate), poly (ethylene carbonate), and combinations thereof.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of heating the metal article to decompose and remove the polycarbonate binder is performed by raising the metal article to a temperature of about 280-360° C. at a rate of about 0.5° C. per minute to about 5° C. per minute.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sintering is performed by heating the ferrous porous metal article to a temperature of about 500 to about 1500° C. and maintaining that temperature for about 0.5 to about 2 hours.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the powder metallurgy forming process is selected from the group consisting of metal injection molding, metal extrusion, compression molding, tape casting, doctoring, and isostatic pressing.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the feedstock comprises:
about 50-98% by weight of a low carbon content ferrous metal powder; and
about 2-50% by weigh of a polycarbonate binder.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the low carbon content ferrous metal powder is selected from the group consisting of iron, iron-chromium alloys, iron-chromium-nickel alloys, iron-chromium-zinc alloys, iron-chromium-aluminum alloys, chromium-magnesium alloys, iron-chromium-lead alloys, iron-aluminum alloys, iron-zinc alloys, stainless steels, iron-nickel alloys, and combinations thereof.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the polycarbonate binder is selected from the group consisting of bisphenol P-type polycarbonates, bisphenol Z-type polycarbonates, copolymer-type polycarbonates of bisphenol P and bisphenol A, copolymers of a structural unit derived from benzophenone and a structural unit derived from diphenylmethan, poly (propylene carbonate), poly (ethylene carbonate), and combinations thereof.
11. A method for preparing a low carbon content ferrous porous metal article, comprising the steps of:
providing a feedstock that includes at least about 90% by weight of a low carbon content ferrous metal powder and less than about 10% by weight of a polycarbonate binder;
forming the feedstock into a metal article using a powder metallurgy forming process;
heating the metal article to decompose and remove the polycarbonate binder and form a debinded metal article; and
sintering the debinded metal article to form the low carbon content ferrous porous metal article.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the sintering the low carbon content ferrous porous metal article is performed in an atmosphere free of oxygen and reactive impurities.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the sintering is performed at a temperature of about 500-1500° C. for a time period of about 0.5-2 hours.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the step of heating the metal article to decompose and remove the polycarbonate binder is performed in an inert atmosphere, a reducing atmosphere, or a vacuum.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the step of heating the metal article to decompose and remove the polycarbonate binder is performed by raising the metal article to a temperature of about 280-360° C. at a rate of about 0.5° C. per minute to about 5° C. per minute.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein the method is devoid of a step of removing residual carbon, and the low carbon content ferrous porous metal article has a carbon content of less than about 0.1% by weight.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein the low carbon content ferrous metal powder is selected from the group consisting of iron, iron-chromium alloys, iron-chromium-nickel alloys, iron-chromium-zinc alloys, iron-chromium-aluminum alloys, iron-chromium-magnesium alloys, iron-chromium-lead alloys, iron-aluminum alloys, iron-zinc alloys, stainless steels, iron-nickel alloys, and combinations thereof.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein the polycarbonate binder is selected from the group consisting of bisphenol P-type polycarbonates, bisphenol Z-type polycarbonates, copolymer-type polycarbonates of bisphenol P and bisphenol A, copolymers of a structural unit derived from benzophenone and a structural unit derived from diphenylmethan, poly (propylene carbonate), poly (ethylene carbonate), and combinations thereof.
19. The method of claim 11 , wherein the powder metallurgy forming process is selected from the group consisting of metal injection molding, metal extrusion, compression molding, tape casting, doctoring, and isostatic pressing.
20. A method for preparing a low carbon content ferrous porous metal article, the method comprising:
mixing a low carbon content ferrous metal powder with a polycarbonate binder to form a feedstock, the feedstock includes about 90-95% by weight of a low carbon content ferrous metal powder and about 5-10% by weight of a polycarbonate binder;
feeding the feedstock to a powder metallurgy forming process;
forming the feedstock into a metal article using the powder metallurgy forming process;
heating the metal article by raising the metal article to a temperature of about 280-360° C. at a rate of about 0.5° C. per minute to about 5° C. per minute to decompose and remove the polycarbonate binder and form a debinded metal article; and
sintering the debinded metal article by heating the debinded metal article to a temperature of about 500 to about 1500° C. and maintaining that temperature for about 0.5 to about 2 hours and form the low carbon content ferrous porous article.
21. The method of claim 1 wherein the feedstock comprises:
about 90-95% by weight of a low carbon content ferrous metal powder; and
about 5-10% by weight of a polycarbonate binder.