Low-haze transparent conductors
View Patent ↗This disclosure is related to low-haze transparent conductors, ink compositions and method for making the same.
1. A transparent conductor, comprising:
a plurality of conductive nanowires, wherein:
the transparent conductor has a haze of less than 1.5%,
a diameter distribution of the plurality of conductive nanowires has a standard deviation that is less than 20% of a mean diameter of the plurality of conductive nanowires, and
the transparent conductor has a sheet resistance of less than 350 ohms/square.
2. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein more than 99% of the plurality of conductive nanowires are no more than 55 μm long.
3. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein more than 99% of the plurality of conductive nanowires are no more than 45 μm long.
4. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein more than 95% of the plurality of conductive nanowires are about 5 to 50 μm long.
5. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein more than 95% of the plurality of conductive nanowires are about 5 to 30 μm long.
6. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of conductive nanowires have a mean length of about 10-22 μm.
7. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of conductive nanowires have a mean length squared of about 120-400 μm 2 .
8. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein more than 99% of the plurality of conductive nanowires are no more than 55 nm in diameter.
9. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein more than 99% of the plurality of conductive nanowires are no more than 45 nm in diameter.
10. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein more than 95% of the plurality of conductive nanowires are about 15 to 50 nm in diameter.
11. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein more than 95% of the plurality of conductive nanowires are about 20 to 40 nm in diameter.
12. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the mean diameter of the plurality of conductive nanowires is about 29 nm.
13. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of conductive nanowires are silver nanowires.
14. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the haze is in a range of 0.4-0.5% and the sheet resistance is in a range of 120-170 ohms/square.
15. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the haze is in a range of 0.5-0.7% and the sheet resistance is in a range of 80-120 ohms/square.
16. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the haze is in a range of 0.7-1.0% and the sheet resistance is in a range of 50-80 ohms/square.
17. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the haze is in a range of 1.0-1.5% and the sheet resistance is in a range of 30-50 ohms/square.
18. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the haze is in a range of less than 0.4%.
19. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the sheet resistance is in a range of 32-275 ohms/square, the haze is in a range of 0.31%-1.29%, and a light transmittance of the transparent conductor is in a range of 91.4%-93%.
20. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the sheet resistance is in a range 34-340 ohms/square, the haze is in a range of 0.29%-1.39%, and a light transmittance of the transparent conductor is in a range of 91.1%-93%.
21. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the sheet resistance is in a range of 38-254 ohms/square, the haze is in a range of 0.33%-1.16%, and a light transmittance of the transparent conductor is in a range of 91.7%-93%.
22. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the standard deviation is less than 15% of the mean diameter.
23. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the mean diameter of the plurality of conductive nanowires is about 26-32 nm.
24. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein at least some conductive nanowires of the plurality of conductive nanowires have a diameter of less than 20 nm.
25. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein there are no more than 40 conductive nanowires of the plurality of conductive nanowires within a 258 μm by 193 μm area of the transparent conductor.
26. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein there are no more than 25 conductive nanowires of the plurality of conductive nanowires within a 258 μm by 193 μm area of the transparent conductor.
27. A transparent conductor, comprising:
a plurality of conductive nanowires, wherein:
the transparent conductor has a haze of less than 1.5%, and
a diameter distribution of the plurality of conductive nanowires has a standard deviation less than 20% of a mean diameter of the plurality of conductive nanowires.
28. The transparent conductor of claim 27 , wherein there are no more than 40 conductive nanowires of the plurality of conductive nanowires within a 258 μm by 193 μm area of the transparent conductor.
29. The transparent conductor of claim 27 , wherein there are no more than 25 conductive nanowires of the plurality of conductive nanowires within a 258 μm by 193 μm area of the transparent conductor.
30. The transparent conductor of claim 27 , wherein at least 40% of the plurality of conductive nanowires have a diameter between 25 nm and 30 nm.
31. The transparent conductor of claim 27 , wherein at least 30% of the plurality of conductive nanowires have a length between 10 μm and 15 μm.
32. The transparent conductor of claim 27 , wherein:
at least 30% of the plurality of conductive nanowires have a length between 10 μm and 15 μm, and
at least 40% of the plurality of conductive nanowires have a diameter between 25 nm and 30 nm.
33. The transparent conductor of claim 27 , wherein the mean diameter is about 26-32 nm and the standard deviation is in a range of 4-6 nm.
34. The transparent conductor of claim 27 , wherein the diameter distribution is substantially a Gaussian distribution.
35. The transparent conductor of claim 27 , wherein the standard deviation is less than 15% of the mean diameter.
36. The transparent conductor of claim 27 , wherein the transparent conductor comprises a plurality of nanostructures having an aspect ratio less than 10, and amounts of the plurality of nanostructures relative to amounts of the plurality of conductive nanowires is less than 10%.
37. The transparent conductor of claim 36 , wherein the amounts of the plurality of nanostructures relative to the amounts of the plurality of conductive nanowires is less than 5%.
38. The transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the transparent conductor comprises a plurality of nanostructures having an aspect ratio less than 10, and amounts of the plurality of nanostructures relative to amounts of the plurality of conductive nanowires is less than 10%.
39. The transparent conductor of claim 38 , wherein the amounts of the plurality of nanostructures relative to the amounts of the plurality of conductive nanowires is less than 5%.