Modifying hot workability of metal alloys via surface coating
A method of processing an alloy ingot or other alloy workpiece to reduce thermal cracking may generally comprise depositing a glass material onto at least a portion of a surface of a workpiece, and heating the glass material to form a surface coating on the workpiece that reduces heat loss from the workpiece. The present disclosure also is directed to an alloy workpieces processed according to methods described herein, and to articles of manufacture including or made from alloy workpieces made according to the methods.
1. A method of processing an alloy workpiece to reduce thermal cracking, the method comprising:
disposing a glass fabric directly onto at least a portion of a surface of an alloy workpiece;
depositing glass particles onto at least a portion of the glass fabric; and
heating the glass materials to form a surface coating on the alloy workpiece that reduces heat loss from the alloy workpiece.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the glass fabric comprises a glass fiber fabric.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
the glass fabric is an E-glass fabric having a temperature rating from 1000° F. to 2100° F.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein disposing the E-glass fabric onto at least a portion of a surface of the alloy workpiece comprises disposing the E-glass fabric on at least a portion of a circumferential surface of the alloy workpiece.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein disposing the E-glass fabric onto at least a portion of a surface of the alloy workpiece comprises disposing the E-glass fabric on at least a portion of a circumferential surface of the alloy workpiece and at least one lateral face of the alloy workpiece.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
depositing the glass particles comprises at least one of spraying, brushing, flow coating, sprinkling, rolling, and dipping.
7. The method of claim 1 , comprising heating the glass materials to a temperature from 1000° F. to 2200° F.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, prior to depositing the glass materials:
heating the alloy workpiece to a forging temperature.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, prior to depositing the glass materials:
heating the alloy workpiece to a forging temperature; and
conditioning a surface of the alloy workpiece.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising cooling the alloy workpiece.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising removing at least a portion of the surface coating from the alloy workpiece by at least one of shot blasting, grinding, peeling, and turning the alloy workpiece.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a nickel base alloy, a nickel base superalloy, an iron base alloy, a nickel-iron base alloy, a titanium base alloy, a titanium-nickel base alloy, and a cobalt base alloy.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises a material selected from the group consisting of Alloy 718 (UNS No. N07718), Alloy 720 (UNS No. N07720), Rene 41™ alloy (UNS No. N07041), Rene 88™ alloy, Waspaloy® alloy (UNS No. N07001), and Inconel® 100 alloy.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises one of an ingot, a billet, a bar, a plate, a tube, and a sintered pre-form.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises a nickel base superalloy and the glass fabric comprises an E-glass fabric.
16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, after heating the glass materials to form a surface coating on the alloy workpiece, applying force with at least one of a die and a roll to the alloy workpiece to deform the alloy workpiece.
17. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, after forming a surface coating on the alloy workpiece, hot working the alloy workpiece.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the alloy workpiece is hot worked at a temperature from 1500° F. to 2500° F.
19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising:
fabricating an article from the hot worked workpiece, the article selected from the group consisting of a jet engine component, a land based turbine component, valves, engine components, shafts, and fasteners.
20. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, after forming a surface coating on the alloy workpiece, hot working the alloy workpiece by forging.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the alloy workpiece is hot worked at a temperature from 1500° F. to 2500° F.
22. The method of claim 20 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises one of an ingot, a billet, a bar, a plate, a tube, and a sintered pre-form.
23. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, after forming a surface coating on the workpiece, hot working the workpiece by extruding.
24. A method of processing an alloy workpiece, the alloy workpiece comprising a material selected from the group consisting of a nickel base alloy, a nickel base superalloy, an iron base alloy, a nickel-iron base alloy, a titanium base alloy, a titanium-nickel base alloy, and a cobalt base alloy, the method comprising:
disposing a glass fabric directly onto at least a portion of a surface of an alloy workpiece;
depositing glass particles onto at least a portion of the glass fabric;
heating the glass materials to form a surface coating on the alloy workpiece that reduces heat loss from the alloy workpiece; and
hot working the alloy workpiece.
25. The method of claim 24 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises a material selected from the group consisting of Alloy 718 (UNS No. N07718), Alloy 720 (UNS No. N07720), Rene 41™ alloy (UNS No. N07041), Rene 88™ alloy, Waspaloy™ alloy (UNS No. N07001), and Inconel® 100 alloy.
26. The method of claim 24 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises one of an ingot, a billet, a bar, a plate, a tube, and a sintered pre-form.
27. The method of claim 24 , wherein hot working the alloy workpiece comprises forging the alloy workpiece.
28. The method of claim 24 , wherein hot working the alloy workpiece comprises extruding the alloy workpiece.
29. The method of claim 24 , further comprising:
removing at least a portion of the surface coating from the alloy workpiece.
30. A method of hot working an alloy workpiece, the method comprising:
disposing a fiberglass blanket onto at least a portion of a surface of an alloy workpiece;
depositing glass particles onto at least a portion of the fiberglass blanket;
heating the fiberglass blanket and the glass particles to form a surface coating on the alloy workpiece; and
applying a force with at least one of a die and a roll to the alloy workpiece to deform the alloy workpiece;
wherein the at least one of a die and a roll contacts the surface coating on a surface of the alloy workpiece.
31. The method of claim 30 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises a material selected from the group consisting of a nickel base alloy, a nickel base superalloy, an iron base alloy, a nickel-iron base alloy, a titanium base alloy, a titanium-nickel base alloy, and a cobalt base alloy.
32. The method of claim 30 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises a material selected from the group consisting of Alloy 718 (UNS No. N07718), Alloy 720 (UNS No. N07720), Rene 41™ alloy (UNS No. N07041), Rene 88™ alloy, Waspaloy® alloy (UNS No. N07001), and Inconel® 100 alloy.
33. The method of claim 30 , wherein the alloy workpiece comprises one of an ingot, a billet, a bar, a plate, a tube, and a sintered pre-form.
34. The method of claim 30 , wherein applying a force with at least one of a die and a roll to the alloy workpiece to deform the alloy comprises forging the alloy workpiece.
35. The method of claim 30 , wherein applying a force with at least one of a die and a roll to the alloy workpiece to deform the alloy comprises extruding the alloy workpiece.
36. The method of claim 30 , further comprising:
removing at least a portion of the surface coating from the alloy workpiece.
37. A method of processing an alloy workpiece comprising:
positioning a glass tape directly onto at least a portion of a surface of an alloy workpiece; and
heating the glass tape to form a surface coating on the alloy workpiece.
38. A method of processing an alloy workpiece comprising:
positioning a fiberglass blanket directly onto at least a portion of a surface of an alloy workpiece;
positioning a ceramic blanket over the fiberglass blanket; and
heating the blankets to form a surface coating on the alloy workpiece.
39. A method of processing an alloy workpiece comprising:
heating a cylindrical alloy workpiece to a temperature greater than 1000° F.;
rolling the heated cylindrical alloy workpiece in a bed of glass particles to deposit the glass particles on a cylindrical surface of the workpiece; and
heating the cylindrical alloy workpiece and the deposited glass particles at a temperature greater than 1000° F. to form a surface coating on the alloy workpiece.