Disposal of slurry in underground geologic formations
The current invention provides processes and apparatuses for introducing slurry into underground geological formations thereby disposing of the slurry, while also sequestering carbon dioxide and collecting methane from the slurry.
1. A method comprising:
(a) introducing a slurry into an underground geological formation under conditions such that the slurry produces methane; and
(b) collecting the methane; wherein
(c) the slurry introduced into the underground geological formation is obtained from sewage sludge that has been processed with sufficient heat at a temperature of between 150° C. to 315° C. and pressure of between 400 psi to 1200 psi in order to:
(1) rupture biological cells contained in the sewage sludge, thereby freeing water trapped in the cells, reducing the viscosity of the sewage sludge such that the slurry has a viscosity between 30 cP and 2600 cP, and reducing the size of particles contained in the sewage sludge such that at least 95% of particles contained in the slurry are less than 300 micrometers in size; and
(2) reduce the amount of water in the sewage sludge converted to steam during the processing.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid to water content of the slurry introduced into the underground geological formation is between 20-30%.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least 50% of particles present in the slurry introduced into the underground geological formation are less than 30 micrometers in size.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the slurry is introduced into the underground geological formation at a predetermined pressure and temperature.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the predetermined temperature is between 35-60° C.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding microbes to the slurry.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein carbon dioxide contained in or produced by digestion of the slurry is sequestered into the underground geologic formation.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the collected methane gas is stored.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the methane gas is used as a fuel for the processing step (c).
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid to water content, viscosity, particle size or temperature is measured at a wellhead at a location where the slurry is introduced into the underground geological formation.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein 50% of particles present in the slurry introduced into the underground geological formation are less than 150 micrometers in size.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the slurry obtained from the processing step (c) is introduced into the underground geological formation while still under pressure from the processing step (c).
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of cooling the slurry obtained from the processing step (c) before introducing the cooled slurry into the underground geological formation.
14. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the step of dewatering or drying the slurry obtained from the processing step (c) before introducing the dewatered or dried slurry into the underground geological formation.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the introducing step (a) uses the pressure from the processing step (c).
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein the cooling step comprises cooling the slurry to a mesophilic temperature between 15-25° C. or a thermophilic temperature between 25-45° C.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the viscosity is measured at a temperature of 177° C.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the viscosity is measured at a shear rate between 1.5 sec −1 -170.2 sec −1 .
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid to water content of the slurry introduced into the underground geological formation is between 10-50%.
20. A method comprising:
(a) introducing a slurry into an underground geological formation under conditions such that the slurry produces methane; and
(b) collecting the methane; wherein
(c) the slurry introduced into the underground geological formation is obtained from sewage sludge that has been processed at a temperature of between 150° C. to 315° C. and at a pressure sufficient to maintain water in the slurry in liquid phase in order to:
(1) rupture biological cells contained in the sewage sludge, thereby freeing water trapped in the cells, reducing the viscosity of the sewage sludge such that the slurry has a viscosity between 30 cP and 2600 cP, and reducing the size of particles contained in the sewage sludge; and
(2) reduce the amount of water in the sewage sludge converted to steam during the processing.
21. A method comprising:
(a) introducing a slurry into an underground geological formation under conditions such that the slurry produces methane; and
(b) collecting the methane; wherein
(c) the slurry introduced into the underground geological formation is obtained from sewage sludge that has been processed at a temperature of between 150° C. to 315° C. and at a pressure sufficient to maintain water in the slurry in liquid phase in order to:
(1) rupture biological cells contained in the sewage sludge, thereby freeing water trapped in the cells, reducing the viscosity of the sewage sludge, and reducing the size of particles contained in the sewage sludge such that at least 95% of particles contained in the slurry are less than 300 micrometers in size; and
(2) reduce the amount of water in the sewage sludge converted to steam during the processing.