Optical fiber having cladding scattering centers

1. An optical fiber for the transmission of high-power laser radiation, comprising:

a fiber core;

an inner fiber cladding surrounding the fiber core and being configured to carry the laser radiation in the fiber core;

a first outer fiber cladding surrounding the inner fiber cladding, the first outer fiber cladding comprising a first section having longitudinally aligned gas-filled capillaries to provide the first outer fiber cladding with a smaller refractive index than the inner fiber cladding and a longitudinal second section that is free of capillaries;

a second outer fiber cladding surrounding the first outer fiber cladding; and

scattering centers provided at least in a region of the second outer fiber cladding that circumferentially surrounds the capillary-free longitudinal section of the first outer fiber cladding, wherein the scattering centers scatter laser radiation emerging from the inner fiber cladding through the first outer fiber cladding along the capillary-free longitudinal section.

2. The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the fiber core includes doped or undoped quartz glass.

3. The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the fiber core is formed by the inner cavity of a hollow fiber.

4. The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the inner fiber cladding includes doped quartz glass, the doping of which is chosen in such a way that the inner fiber cladding has a lower refractive index than a refractive index of the fiber core.

5. The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the first outer fiber cladding includes quartz glass.

6. The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the second outer fiber cladding includes quartz glass.

7. The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the second outer fiber cladding includes scattering centers over its entire length.

8. The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the scattering centers in the second outer fiber cladding are arranged only in a region of the second outer fiber cladding far from a boundary surface of the second outer fiber cladding that is adjacent to the first outer fiber cladding.

9. The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the second outer fiber cladding is surrounded along the capillary-free longitudinal section by an absorber.

10. The optical fiber of claim 1 , wherein the fiber core has a constant diameter over an entire length of the optical fiber.

11. A method for transmitting high-power laser radiation through an optical fiber that includes a fiber core, an inner fiber cladding surrounding the fiber core, a first outer fiber cladding comprising a first section having longitudinally aligned gas-filled capillaries and a longitudinal second section free of capillaries, the first outer fiber cladding surrounding the inner fiber cladding, a second outer fiber cladding surrounding the first outer fiber cladding, the method comprising:

passing laser radiation that is within the inner fiber cladding from the inner fiber cladding into the second outer fiber cladding through the capillary-free longitudinal section of the first outer fiber cladding; and

scattering the laser radiation passed into the second outer fiber cladding at scattering centers within at least a region of the second fiber cladding, wherein the scattered laser radiation scatters out of the optical fiber.

12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising placing the optical fiber inside a laser resonator or amplifier to selectively couple out higher laser modes at the capillary-free longitudinal section.

13. The method of claim 11 , further comprising capturing the laser radiation scattered out of the optical fiber in an absorber that surrounds the optical fiber at least at the capillary-free longitudinal section.

14. An optical fiber for the transmission of high-power laser radiation, comprising:

a fiber core;

an inner fiber cladding surrounding the fiber core and being configured to carry the laser radiation in the fiber core;

a first outer fiber cladding surrounding the inner fiber cladding, wherein the first outer fiber cladding comprises a first section having longitudinally aligned gas-filled capillaries to provide the first outer fiber cladding with a smaller refractive index than the inner fiber cladding and a longitudinal second section that is free of capillaries;

a second outer fiber cladding surrounding the first outer fiber cladding and including scattering centers at least in a region near the capillary-free longitudinal section of the first outer fiber cladding, wherein the scattering centers scatter laser radiation emerging from the inner fiber cladding through the first outer fiber cladding along the capillary-free longitudinal section.

15. A method for producing an optical fiber that includes a fiber core, an inner fiber cladding surrounding the fiber core, a first outer fiber cladding comprising a first section having longitudinally aligned gas-filled capillaries, the first outer fiber cladding surrounding the inner fiber cladding, a second outer fiber cladding surrounding the first outer fiber cladding, wherein the first outer fiber cladding has a smaller refractive index than the refractive index of the inner fiber cladding, and the second outer fiber cladding has scattering centers at least along a longitudinal second section of the optical fiber, the method comprising:

heating the optical fiber at the longitudinal section to thereby remove the longitudinally-aligned gas-filled capillaries present in the first outer fiber cladding along the longitudinal second section.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the scattering centers in the longitudinal section circumferentially surround the capillary-free longitudinal second section of the first outer fiber cladding.