Compounds that inhibit (block) bitter taste in composition and methods of making same
The present invention relates to the discovery that specific human taste receptors in the T2R taste receptor family respond to particular bitter compounds present in, e.g., coffee. Also, the invention relates to the discovery of specific compounds and compositions containing that function as bitter taste blockers and the use thereof as bitter taste blockers or flavor modulators in, e.g., coffee and coffee flavored foods, beverages and medicaments. Also, the present invention relates to the discovery of a compound that antagonizes numerous different human T2Rs and the use thereof in assays and as a bitter taste blocker in compositions for ingestion by humans and animals.
1. A method of making a compound of the formula A:
or a salt or N-oxide thereof,
wherein Alk is an alkyl group;
R 51 and R 52 are, the same or different independently one from the other, H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylamidoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkylamidoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylamidoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylalkylamidoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylalkyl, haloalkyl, or
R 51 and R 52 , together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group;
M 1 is N or CR 49 , wherein R 49 is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
M 2 is N or CR 50 , wherein R 50 is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
R 38 is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylamidoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylamidoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylalkyl, or haloalkyl;
R 47 is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, or halo; and
R 48 is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, or halo;
wherein the method comprises converting a compound of the formula B:
or a salt or N-oxide thereof;
into a compound of the formula C:
or a salt or N-oxide thereof;
wherein R 47 , R 48 , Alk, M 1 , and M 2 are defined above; and
reacting the compound of formula C with a compound of the formula D:
or a salt thereof;
wherein J 3 is a leaving group and R 38 , R 51 , and R 52 are defined above, to give a compound of formula A or a salt or N-oxide thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , where the compound of formula B, or a salt or N-oxide thereof, is converted into a compound of formula C, or a salt or N-oxide thereof, by heating the compound of formula B, or a salt or N-oxide thereof.
3. A compound of the formula B:
or a salt or N-oxide thereof,
wherein Alk is an alkyl group;
M 1 is N or CR 49 , wherein R 49 is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
M 2 is N or CR 50 , wherein R 50 is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
R 47 is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, or halo; and
R 48 is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, or halo.
4. The compound of claim 3 , or a salt or N-oxide thereof, wherein:
M 1 is CR 49 , wherein R 49 is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
M 2 is CR 50 , wherein R 50 is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
R 47 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; and
R 48 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl.
5. The compound of claim 3 , or a salt or N-oxide thereof, wherein the compound of formula B has the formula:
6. A compound of the formula C:
or a salt or N-oxide thereof,
wherein Alk is an alkyl group;
M 1 is N or CR 49 , wherein R 49 is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
M 2 is N or CR 50 , wherein R 50 is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
R 47 is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, or halo; and
R 48 is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, or halo.
7. The compound of claim 6 , or a salt or N-oxide thereof, wherein:
M 1 is CR 49 , wherein R 49 is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
M 2 is CR 50 , wherein R 50 is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
R 47 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl; and
R 48 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl.
8. The compound of claim 6 , or a salt or N-oxide thereof, wherein the compound of formula C has the formula:
or a salt or N-oxide thereof.
9. A method of making a compound of the formula A:
or a salt or N-oxide thereof,
wherein Alk is an alkyl group;
R 51 and R 52 are, the same or different independently one from the other, H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylamidoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkylamidoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylamidoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylalkylamidoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylalkyl, haloalkyl, or R 51 and R 52 , together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group;
M 1 is N or CR 49 , wherein R 49 is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
M 2 is N or CR 50 , wherein R 50 is H or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl;
R 38 is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heterocycloalkylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylamidoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylamidoalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroarylalkyl, or haloalkyl;
R 47 is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, or halo; and
R 48 is H, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted arylalkyl, or halo;
wherein the method comprises reacting a compound of the formula B:
or a salt or N-oxide thereof;
wherein R 47 , R 48 , Alk, M 1 , and M 2 are defined above;
with a compound of formula D:
or a salt thereof;
wherein J 3 is a leaving group and R 38 , R 51 , and R 52 are defined above, to give a compound of formula A or a salt or N-oxide thereof.