Oxide semiconductor thin film transistor, and method of manufacturing the same

1. An oxide semiconductor thin film transistor, comprising:

a gate electrode on a substrate, the gate electrode having a first area;

a gate insulation layer on the gate electrode, the gate insulation layer covering the gate electrode;

an active layer on the gate insulation layer, the active layer having a second area that is smaller than the first area;

a source electrode on the active layer, the source electrode contacting a source region of the active layer;

a drain electrode on the active layer, the drain electrode contacting a drain region of the active layer; and

a passivation layer covering the active layer, the source electrode, and the drain electrode,

wherein the gate insulation layer includes a protrusion having a third area that is smaller than the second area of the active layer, and

wherein the third area of the protrusion is smaller than the first area of the gate electrode.

2. The transistor of claim 1 , wherein a central region of the active layer is raised in comparison to a peripheral region of the active layer in a region corresponding to the protrusion of the gate insulation layer.

3. The transistor of claim 2 , wherein the central region of the active layer includes a channel region of the active layer, and

wherein the peripheral region of the active layer includes the source region of the active layer and the drain region of the active layer.

4. The transistor of claim 1 , further comprising:

an etch stopper layer between the active layer and both of the source electrode and the drain electrode.

5. The transistor of claim 4 , wherein the etch stopper layer has a contact hole structure in which the source electrode and the drain electrode contact the active layer through a plurality of contact holes in the etch stopper layer.

6. The transistor of claim 4 , wherein the etch stopper layer has an island structure in which the source electrode and the drain electrode contact a peripheral region of the active layer, the peripheral region having the source region and the drain region.

7. The transistor of claim 1 , wherein the active layer comprises an oxide material that includes at least one of indium (In), zinc (Zn), gallium (Ga), or tin (Sn).

8. The transistor of claim 7 , wherein the oxide material further includes at least one of lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), vanadium (V), ruthenium (Ru), germanium (Ge), or fluorine (F).

9. The transistor of claim 7 , wherein an electron carrier concentration of the oxide material is from about 10 12 /cm 3 to about 10 18 /cm 3 .

10. A method of manufacturing an oxide semiconductor thin film transistor, the method comprising:

forming a gate electrode on a substrate, the gate electrode having a first area;

forming a gate insulation layer on the gate electrode, the gate insulation layer covering the gate electrode;

forming an active layer on the gate insulation layer, the active layer having a second area that is smaller than the first area;

forming a source electrode and a drain electrode on the active layer, the source electrode contacting a source region of the active layer, and the drain electrode contacting a drain region of the active layer;

forming a passivation layer covering the active layer, the source electrode, and the drain electrode; and

forming an etch stopper layer between the active layer and both of the source electrode and the drain electrode,

wherein the third area of the protrusion is smaller than the first area of the gate electrode.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the gate insulation layer includes a protrusion having a third area that is smaller than the second area of the active layer.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein a central region of the active layer is raised in comparison to a peripheral region of the active layer in a region corresponding to the protrusion of the gate insulation layer.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the central region of the active layer includes a channel region of the active layer, and

wherein the peripheral region of the active layer includes the source region of the active layer and the drain region of the active layer.