Non-vinyl resilient flooring product and methods of making same
Described herein is a resilient floor covering made from non-vinyl materials. Also disclosed are related methods for manufacturing the resilient floor coverings described herein.
1. A resilient floor covering, comprising:
a backing portion having a top surface and an opposing bottom surface configured to substantially abut the floor when the resilient floor covering is placed in a selected orientation, and wherein the backing portion comprises at least one backing layer, wherein the at least one backing layer of the backing portion comprises a first primary backing layer, a second primary backing layer, and a secondary backing layer;
a decorative portion having a top surface and an opposing bottom surface, wherein the decorative portion is configured to overlie the backing portion such that the top surface of the backing portion contacts the bottom surface of the decorative portion, and wherein the decorative portion comprises an ink layer; and
a wear layer having an exposed outer surface configured for exposure to the ambient environment and an opposed bottom surface configured to substantially overlie the decorative portion of the floor covering,
wherein the resilient floor covering does not comprise vinyl polymer material.
2. The resilient floor covering of claim 1 , wherein the secondary backing layer of the at least one backing layer defines the bottom surface of the backing portion and wherein the first primary backing layer of the at least one backing layer defines the top surface of the backing portion.
3. The resilient floor covering of claim 1 , wherein the first and second primary backing layers comprise at least one of: low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), EMA, EVA, PE-PP rubber, conventional thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), conventional thermoplastic olefins (TPOs), alpha-olefin polyethylene co-polymers, PET, or ethylene butyl acrylate (EBA).
4. The resilient floor covering of claim 1 , wherein first and second primary backing layers are configured to substantially overlie the secondary backing layer.
5. The resilient floor covering of claim 4 , wherein the secondary backing layers comprises at least one of: OPP, woven PE, nonwoven PE, woven PP, nonwoven PP, woven PET, nonwoven PET, woven nylon, or nonwoven nylon.
6. The resilient floor covering of claim 1 , wherein the backing portion further comprises a fiberglass layer positioned therebetween the first and second primary backing layers.
7. The resilient floor covering of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the backing layers comprises substantially linear ethylene polymers and homogeneously branched linear ethylene polymers.
8. The resilient floor covering of claim 7 , wherein at least one of the backing layers further comprises: another homogeneously branched ethylene polymer, low density polyethylene, heterogeneously branched LLDPE, heterogeneously branched ULDPE, medium density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, grafted polyethylene, ethylene acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene ethyl acrylate copolymer, polystyrene, polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane, polybutylene, polyamide, polycarbonate, rubbers, ethylene propylene polymers, ethylene styrene polymers, styrene block copolymers, or vulcanates.
9. The resilient floor covering of claim 1 , wherein the ink layer defines the top surface of the decorative portion.
10. The resilient floor covering of claim 1 , wherein the ink layer defines the bottom surface of the decorative portion.
11. The resilient floor covering of claim 1 , wherein the ink layer comprises at least one ink selected from a group consisting of: water based, soy-based, or solvent-based pigments.
12. The resilient floor covering of claim 1 , wherein the wear layer is positioned adjacent to the decorative portion such that the top surface of the decorative portion contacts the bottom surface of the wear layer.
13. The resilient floor covering of claim 12 , wherein the wear layer comprises at least one of: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyurethane, polypropylene, polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), Nylon 6, or Nylon 6,6.
14. The resilient floor covering of claim 1 , further comprising at least one tie layer, wherein the at least one tie layer is configured to be positioned between opposing layers of the resilient floor covering to bond otherwise dissimilar materials that form the otherwise opposing layers of the floor covering together.
15. The resilient floor covering of claim 14 , wherein one or more tie layers of the at least one tie layer are positioned therebetween the bottom surface of the wear layer and the top surface of the decorative portion of the floor covering.
16. The resilient floor covering of claim 14 , wherein one or more tie layers of the at least one tie layer are positioned therebetween the bottom surface of the decorative portion and the top surface of the backing portion.
17. The resilient floor covering of claim 14 , wherein the tie layer comprises at least one of water borne extrusion coating primers, polyethyleneimine (PEI), conventional acrylic materials, maleic anhydride (MAH), ethylene-methyl acrylate (EMA), or ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA).
18. The resilient floor covering of claim 1 , wherein the decorative portion comprises a decorative layer.
19. The resilient floor covering of claim 18 , wherein the decorative layer defines the bottom surface of the decorative portion of the floor covering, and wherein the ink layer is configured to substantially overlie the decorative layer.
20. The resilient floor covering of claim 18 , wherein the decorative layer comprises at least one of: oriented polypropylene (OPP), woven polyethylene (PE), nonwoven PE, woven polypropylene (PP), nonwoven PP, woven PET, nonwoven PET, woven nylon, nonwoven nylon, conventional papers, conventional foils.
21. The resilient floor covering of claim 1 , wherein the first and second primary backing layers comprise composites of post-industrial carpet or composites of post-consumer carpet.
22. The resilient floor covering of claim 19 , wherein the decorative layer comprises a film.
23. The resilient floor covering of claim 22 , wherein the film is a three-layer film comprising a top skin, a central core, and a bottom skin, wherein the ink layer overlies the top skin of the three-layer film, wherein the central core is positioned between the top skin and the bottom skin, and wherein the bottom skin of the three-layer film defines the bottom surface of the decorative portion of the floor covering.
24. The resilient floor covering of claim 23 , wherein the top skin of the three-layer film is compatible with the material of the ink layer, wherein the bottom skin of the three-layer film is compatible with the material of the first backing layer, and wherein the central core of the three-layer film comprises a substantially opaque material.