Encapsulated Active Materials
The invention relates to microcapsule composition which encapsulates active material that may be used in products for washing and cleaning and/or care and protection of animate or inanimate. The invention also relates to polyurethane and polyurea microcapsules that may be modified with additional polymers.
1 . A microcapsule composition comprising an encapsulating polymer and an active material encapsulated by the encapsulating polymer wherein the encapsulating polymer comprises a polyisocyanate wherein the polyisocyanate is the reaction product of polymerisation between at least one polyisocyanate, a crosslinking agent and at least one additional polymer.
2 . The microcapsule composition of claim 1 wherein the active ingredient is a fragrance oil.
3 . The microcapsule composition of claim 1 wherein the additional polymer has a molecular weight range from 1000 to 1000,000, preferably from 10,000-500,000, and most preferred between 100,000 and 200,000.
4 . The microcapsule composition of claim 3 wherein the additional polymer is selected from the group consisting of an amphoteric and cationic polymer.
5 . The microcapsule composition of claim 1 wherein the amphoteric and cationic polymers are selected from the group consisting of polyquaternium-6, polyquaternium-47, polyvinylamine and it copolymers with vinylformamide and mixtures thereof.
6 . The microcapsule composition of claim 5 wherein the additional polymer is present, on a solid basis, in the microcapsule composition from about 0.01 to about 20 weight percent %.
7 . The microcapsule composition of claim 5 wherein the additional polymer is present, on a solid basis, in the microcapsule composition from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent %.
8 . The microcapsule composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer is polyquaternium-6 and is present, on a solid basis, in the range of 0.25 to about 10 weight percent %.
9 . The microcapsule composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer is a mixture of polyquaternium-6 and polyvinylamine wherein the polyquaternium-6 is present, on a solid basis, in the range of preferably 0.5 to 5 weight percent % and the polyvinylamine present, on a solid basis, from about 0.25 to 10 weight percent %.
10 . The microcapsule composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer is a mixture of polyquaternium-6 and polyvinylamine wherein the polyquaternium-6 is present, on a solid basis, in the range of preferably 0.5 to 5 weight percent % and the polyvinylamine is present, on a solid basis, preferably 0.5 to 8 weight percent %.
11 . The microcapsule composition of claim 1 wherein the polymer is a mixture of polyquaternium-6 and polyvinylamine wherein the polyquaternium-6 is present, on a solid basis, at a level of about 1.5 weight percent % and the polyvinylamine e is present, on a solid basis, 1 weight percent %.
12 . The microcapsule composition of claim 1 wherein the crosslinking agent is hexemethylene diamine.
13 . The microcapsule composition of claim 1 wherein the crosslinking agent is a mixture of hexemethylene diamine and polyetheramine.
14 . The microcapsule composition of claim 1 wherein the polyisocyanate has an average molecular weight from about 500 to about 275.
15 . A personal care product comprising the microcapsule composition of claim 1 .
16 . A personal care product comprising the microcapsule composition of claim 1 wherein the microcapsule composition is spray dried.
17 . A personal care product of claim 18 wherein the wall polymer level of the encapsulated fragrance wall is from about 15 to about 0.1 weight percent % of the total capsules suspension.
18 . A personal care product of claim 18 wherein the wall polymer level of the encapsulated fragrance wall is from about 10 to about 1 weight percent % of the total capsules suspension.
19 . The personal care product of claim 18 is selected from the group consisting of hair shampoos, hair conditioners, hair rinses, bar soaps, and body washes.
20 . A rinse conditioner product comprising the microcapsule composition of claim 1 .
21 . A household surface cleaner comprising the microcapsule composition of claim 1
22 . A process for the preparation of an encapsulated fragrance comprising the steps of:
preparing an emulsion wherein a fragrance and polyisocyanate is combined to form an oil phase;
preparing a surfactant solution;
emulsifying the oil phase into the aqueous phase to form a fragrance emulsion;
adding hexamethylene diamine to the fragrance emulsion to form a capsule slurry;
adding an additional polymer to the capsules slurry
and
curing the capsule slurry at room temperature.
23 . The process of claim 22 additionally comprising a crosslinking agent.
24 . The process of claim 22 wherein an additional emulsifier is used to form a high quality emulsion.
25 . The process of claim 22 where the polyisocyanate has an average molecular weight from about 500 to about 275.
26 . The process of claim 23 wherein the crosslinking agent is hexamethylene diamine.
27 . The process of claim 23 wherein the crosslinking agent is a mixture of hexamethylene diamine and polyetheramine.
28 . The process of claim 22 wherein the surfactant is prepared by dissolving Mowet D-425 in water.
29 . The process of claim 22 wherein the surfactant is prepared by dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water.
30 . The process of claim 22 wherein the surfactant is prepared by dissolving carboxymethyl cellulose in water.
31 . The process of claim 23 wherein adding hexamethylene diamine to the fragrance emulsion is added at a temperature 35° C.
32 . The process of claim 22 wherein the polymer is added at any point during the capsule making process.
33 . The process of claim 22 wherein the polymer is added in combination with the crosslinking agent.
34 . The process of claim 22 wherein the polymer is added directly after the emulsion is formed before the capsule slurry is cured.
35 . The process of claim 22 wherein the additional polymers are added at between 35° C. and 55° C.
36 . The process of claim 22 wherein the additional polymers are present, on a solid basis, from 0.01 to 20 weight percent %.
37 . The process of claim 22 wherein the additional polymers are present, on a solid basis, from preferably from 0.1 to 10 weight percent %.
38 . The process of claim 22 wherein the additional polymers have a molecular weight of these additional wall polymers can range from 1000 to 1000,000.
39 . The process of claim 22 wherein the polymers have a molecular weight of these additional wall polymers can range from preferably from 10,000 to 1000,000.
40 . The process of claim 22 wherein the polymers is selected from the group consisting of an amphoteric and cationic polymer.
41 . The process of claim 22 wherein the additional polymer has a molecular weight range from 1000 to 1000,000, preferably from 10,000 to 500,000, and most preferred between 100,000 to 200,000.
42 . The process of claim 41 wherein the additional polymer is selected from the group consisting of an amphoteric and cationic polymer.
43 . The process of claim 22 wherein the amphoteric and cationic polymers are selected from the group consisting of polyquaternium-6 (Merquat 100), polyquaternium-47 (Merquat 2001), poly vinylamine and it copolymers with vinylformamide and mixtures thereof.
44 . The process of claim 22 wherein the polymer is polyquaternium-6 and is present, on a solid basis, in the range of 0.25 to about 10 weight percent %.
45 . The process of claim 22 wherein the polymer is a mixture of polyquaternium-6 and polyvinylamine wherein the polyquaternium-6 is present, on a solid basis, in the range of preferably 0.5 to 5 weight percent % and the polyvinylamine present, on a solid basis, from about 0.25 to 10 weight percent %.
46 . The process of claim 22 wherein the polymer is a mixture of polyquaternium-6 and polyvinylamine wherein the polyquaternium-6 is present, on a solid basis, in the range of preferably 0.5 to 5 weight percent % and the polyvinylamine is present, on a solid basis, preferably 0.5 to 8 weight percent %.
47 . The process of claim 22 wherein the polymer is a mixture of polyquaternium-6 and polyvinylamine wherein the polyquaternium-6 is present, on a solid basis, at a level of about 1.5 weight percent % and the polyvinylamine is present, on a solid basis, 1 weight percent %.
48 . The process of claim 22 wherein adding hexamethylene diamine to the fragrance emulsion is added at a temperature 22° C.
49 . The process of claim 22 wherein the capsule slurry was cured at a temperature greater than about 55° C.
50 . The process of claim 22 wherein the capsule slurry was cured at a temperature greater than about 65° C.
51 . The process of claim 22 wherein the capsule slurry was cured at a temperature greater than about 75° C.
52 . The process of claim 22 wherein the capsule slurry was cured at a temperature greater than about 85° C.
53 . The process of claim 22 wherein the capsule slurry was cured at a temperature greater than about 95° C.
54 . The process of claim 22 wherein the wall polymer level of the encapsulated fragrance wall is from about 15 to about 0.1 weight percent % of the total capsules suspension.
55 . The process of claim 22 wherein the residual isocycanate is reduced by at least 30%.
56 . The process of claim 22 wherein the residual isocycanate is reduced to almost zero.
57 . The process of claim 22 additionally comprising a dispersant.
58 . The process of claim 57 wherein the dispersant is a combination of polyvinyl alcohol and morwet-D-425.
59 . The process of claim 57 wherein the dispersant is a carboxymethyl cellulose
60 . A personal care product comprising an encapsulated fragrance wherein the encapsulated fragrance is produced according claim 22 .
61 . A personal care product comprising an encapsulated fragrance wherein the encapsulated fragrance is produced according claim 22 is spray dried.
62 . A personal care product of claim 60 wherein the wall polymer level of the encapsulated fragrance wall is from about 15 to about 0.1 weight percent % of the total capsules suspension.
63 . A personal care product of claim 60 wherein the wall polymer level of the encapsulated fragrance wall is from about 10 to about 1 weight percent % of the total capsules suspension.
64 . The rinse conditioner of claim 60 wherein the wall polymer level of the encapsulated fragrance wall is from about 5 to about 2 weight percent % of the total capsules suspension.
65 . A household surface cleaner comprising the microcapsule product of claim 1 wherein the wall polymer level of the encapsulated fragrance wall is from about 2.5 to about 0.1 weight percent % of the total capsules suspension.
66 . The personal care product of claim 60 is selected from the group consisting of hair shampoos, hair conditioners, hair rinses, bar soaps, and body washes.