Process for continuous production of bacteriophage
As bacteriophage use in industrial application grows there is a need for commercial quantities of identified bacteriophage. This invention discloses a continuous flow bacteriophage proliferation process that can provide commercial quantities of desired bacteriophage in concentrations suitable for industrial use. Host bacteria and virulent bacteriophage are fed into a reactor vessel where the phage attach to, infect and lyse the host bacteria providing multiple replications of it and coincidentally concentrating the phage.
1. A method of continuous production bacteriophage comprising contacting target bacteria with bacteriophage in a continuous flow reactor vessel having an inlet or inlets and outlet or outlets, wherein a solution of bacteriophage virulent for target bacteria is continuously passed into the inlet or inlets of the reactor vessel and a solution containing replicated bacteriophage is continuously removed from the outlet or outlets of the vessel, in a manner that the solutions mix and flow together from inlet to the outlet while bacteriophage is replicating, under conditions of temperature, solution composition and residence time to lyse target bacteria thereby replicating bacteriophage virulent for target bacteria, and wherein the target bacteria and virulent phage are obtained by filtering with suitable tangential flow filters appropriate size solids from a source stream.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein a portion of the solution removed from the out or outlets of the continuous flow reactor vessel is recycled to the inlet to provide additional virulent bacteriophage for replication.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein combined input stream to the continuous flow reactor provide a target bacteria and virulent phage concentrations of at least 1×10 6 at the inlet.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein the residence time is sufficient to allow at least 50% lyse of target bacteria.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the input and recycle streams are analyzed for bacteria and phage composition with real time analysis, which analysis is used to adjust flows to obtain desired reaction results.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the target bacteria and virulent phage are obtained by filtering with suitable filtering means appropriate size solids from a source stream.
7. The method of claim 6 wherein the filtration means comprises tangential flow filters.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the bacteria and virulent phage are the products of a three stage filtration system using tangential flow filters of appropriate size to isolate separate streams containing bacteria and virulent phage.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the first stage of the three stages is sized to remove particles larger than bacteria, the second stage sized to hold back bacteria but let phage pass and the third stage size to capture phage.
10. A method of continuous production bacteriophage comprising contacting target bacteria with bacteriophage in a continuous flow reactor vessel having an inlet or inlets and outlet or outlets, wherein a solution of bacteriophage virulent for target bacteria is continuously passed into the inlet or inlets of the reactor vessel and a solution containing replicated bacteriophage is continuously removed from the outlet or outlets of the vessel, in a manner that the solutions mix and flow together from inlet to the outlet while bacteriophage is replicating, under conditions of temperature, solution composition and residence time to lyse target bacteria, thereby replicating bacteriophage virulent for target bacteria, and wherein the solutions removed from the outlet or outlets are analyzed for bacteria and phage composition with real time analysis, which analysis is used to adjust flows to obtain desired reaction results.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the real time analysis is performed by a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer.
12. The method of claim 10 wherein a portion of the stream removed from the outlet or outlets is recycled to the inlet or inlets to provide additional virulent bacteriophage for replication and both the input and recycle streams are analyzed for bacteria and phage composition with real time analysis, which analysis is used to adjust flows to obtain desired reaction results.
13. The method of claim 10 wherein the solutions passed into the inlet or inlets and the solution removed from the outlet or outlets are analyzed for bacteria and phage composition with real time analysis, which analysis is used to adjust flows to obtain desired reaction results.
14. A method of continuous production bacteriophage comprising contacting target bacteria with bacteriophage in a continuous flow reactor vessel having an inlet or inlets and outlet or outlets, wherein a solution of bacteriophage virulent for target bacteria is continuously passed into the inlet or inlets of the reactor vessel and a solution containing replicated bacteriophage is continuously removed from the outlet or outlets of the vessel, in a manner that the solutions mix and flow together from inlet to the outlet while bacteriophage is replicating, under conditions of temperature, solution composition and residence time to lyse target bacteria, thereby replicating bacteriophage virulent for target bacteria, and wherein target bacteria are anaerobic and the solutions passed to the inlet or inlets, and removed from the outlet or outlets and the reactor is operated to exclude oxygen.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein reactor vessel is blanketed with a non-oxygen gas during operation.