Method for delivering cytotoxic activity to cells
This invention relates to altered forms of members of the RNase A superfamily. An RNase A can be modified to be cytotoxic by altering its amino acid sequence so that it is not bound easily by the ribonuclease inhibitor while still retaining catalytic properties. While earlier work had identified some modifications to RNase A that would result in cytotoxicity, the use of the FADE algorithm for molecular interaction analysis has led to several other locations that were candidates for modification. Some of those modifications did result in RNase A variants with increase cytotoxicity.
1. A method for delivering cytotoxic activity to cells comprising the step of delivering to the cells an engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant, wherein said variant comprises an amino acid sequence which differs from the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 solely by four to seven amino acid substitutions, wherein said four to seven amino acid substitutions are located at positions of SEQ ID NO: 1 selected from the group consisting of 7, 31, 38, 39, 67 and 85-94, wherein at least one of the four to seven amino acid substitutions is at a position corresponding to anyone of positions 85-94 of SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein at least three of the four to seven amino acid substitutions are at positions corresponding to positions 7, 31, 38, 39, or 67 of SEQ ID NO: 1, and wherein the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant retains ribonuclease activity.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said four to seven amino acid substitutions are located at positions corresponding to positions of SEQ ID NO: 1 selected from the group consisting of 7, 31, 38, 39, 67 and 88.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant exhibits enhanced cytotoxic activity relative to the native ribonuclease A of SEQ ID NO: 1.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cells are cancer cells.
5. A method for delivering cytotoxic activity to cells comprising the step of delivering to the cells an engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant comprising an amino acid sequence differing from SEQ ID NO:1 at amino acid residue positions 39 and 88 of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein the difference consists of an amino acid substitution at these two positions.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the difference consists of an arginine at position 39 being changed to an aspartic acid, and a glycine at position 88 being changed to an arginine.
7. A method for delivering cytotoxic activity to cells comprising the step of delivering to the cells an engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant comprising an amino acid sequence differing from SEQ ID NO: 1 at amino acid residue positions 67 and 88 of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein the difference consist of an amino acid substitution at these two positions.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the difference consists of an asparagine at position 67 being changed to an arginine, and a glycine at position 88 being changed to an arginine.
9. A method for delivering cytotoxic activity to cells comprising the step of delivering to the cells an engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant comprising an amino acid sequence differing from SEQ ID NO: 1 at amino acid residue positions 38, 39 and 88 of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein the difference consists of an amino acid substitution at these three positions.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the difference consists of an aspartic acid at position 38 being changed to an arginine, an arginine at position 39 being changed to an aspartic acid, and a glycine at position 88 being changed to an arginine.
11. A method for delivering cytotoxic activity to cells comprising the step of delivering to the cells an engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant comprising an amino acid sequence differing from SEQ ID NO: 1 at amino acid residue positions 38, 39, 67 and 88 of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein the difference consists of an amino acid substitution at these four positions.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the difference consists of an aspartic acid at position 38 being changed to an arginine, an arginine at position 39 being changed to an aspartic acid, an asparagine at position 67 being changed to an arginine, and a glycine at position 88 being changed to an arginine.
13. A method for delivering cytotoxic activity to cells comprising the step of delivering to the cells an engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant comprising an amino acid sequence differing from SEQ ID NO:1 at amino acid residue positions 31 and 88 of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein the difference consists of an amino acid substitution at these two positions, and wherein the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant retains ribonucleolytic activity.
14. A method for delivering cytotoxic activity to cells comprising the step of delivering to the cells an engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant comprising an amino acid sequence differing from SEQ ID NO:1 at amino acid residue positions 7, 38, 39 and 88 of SEQ ID NO:1, wherein the difference consists of an amino acid substitution at these four positions, and wherein the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant retains ribonucleolytic activity.
15. A method for delivering cytotoxic activity to cells comprising the step of delivering to the cells an engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant comprising an amino acid sequence differing from SEQ ID NO:1 at amino acid residue positions 31, 38, 39, 67 and 88 of SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein the difference consists of an amino acid substitution at these five positions, and wherein the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant retains ribonucleolytic activity.
16. A method for delivering cytotoxic activity to cells comprising the step of delivering to the cells an engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant, wherein said variant comprises an amino acid sequence which differs from the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 solely by three or more amino acid substitutions at positions corresponding to positions of SEQ ID NO: 1 selected from the group consisting of 38, 39, 67 and 85-94, wherein at least one of the three or more amino acid substitutions is at a position corresponding to anyone of positions 85-94 of SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein at least two of the three or more amino acid substitutions are at positions corresponding to positions 38, 39 or 67 of SEQ ID NO: 1, and wherein the engineered bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A variant exhibits enhanced cytotoxic activity relative to the native bovine ribonuclease A of SEQ ID NO: 1.
17. A method for delivering cytotoxic activity to cells comprising the step of delivering to the cells an engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant, wherein said variant comprises an amino acid sequence which differs from the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 solely by two or more modifications at positions corresponding to positions of SEQ ID NO: 1 selected from the group consisting of 38, 39, 67 and 85-94, wherein at least one of the two or more modifications is an amino acid substitution at a position corresponding to anyone of positions 85-94 of SEQ ID NO: 1, and wherein at least one of the two or more modifications is selected from the group consisting of: (i) a substitution at a position corresponding to position 39 of SEQ ID NO: 1, (ii) a substitution at a position corresponding to position 67 of SEQ ID NO: 1, (iii) substitutions at positions corresponding to positions 38 and 39 of SEQ ID NO: 1, and (iv) substitutions at positions corresponding to positions 38, 39 and 67 of SEQ ID NO: 1.
18. A method for delivering cytotoxic activity to cells comprising the step of delivering to the cells an engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant, wherein said variant comprises an amino acid sequence which differs from the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 solely by four to seven amino acid substitutions, wherein said four to seven amino acid substitutions are located at positions of SEQ ID NO: 1 selected from the group consisting of 7, 31, 38, 39, 41, 67 and 85-94, wherein at least one of the four to seven amino acid substitutions is at a position corresponding to anyone of positions 85-94 of SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein at least three of the four to seven amino acid substitutions are at positions corresponding to positions 7, 31, 38, 39, 41, or 67 of SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant retains ribonuclease activity, and wherein if the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant has an amino acid substitution at a position corresponding to position 41 of SEQ ID NO: 1, said amino acid substitution corresponds to the amino acid substitution K41A of SEQ ID NO: 1.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein said four to seven amino acid substitutions are located at positions of SEQ ID NO: 1 selected from the group consisting of 7, 31, 38, 39, 41, 67 and 88, wherein at least one of the four to seven amino acid substitutions is at a position corresponding to position 88 of SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein at least three of the four to seven amino acid substitutions are at positions corresponding to positions 7, 31, 38, 39, 41, or 67 of SEQ ID NO: 1, wherein the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant retains ribonuclease activity, and wherein if the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant has an amino acid substitution at a position corresponding to position 41 of SEQ ID NO: 1, said amino acid substitution corresponds to the amino acid substitution K41A of SEQ ID NO: 1.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein the engineered pancreatic ribonuclease A variant exhibits enhanced cytotoxic activity relative to the native ribonuclease A of SEQ ID NO: 1.