Niobium oxide compositions and methods for using same
View Patent ↗The disclosure relates a niobium oxide useful in anodes of secondary lithium ion batteries. Such niobium oxide has formula Li x M 1−y Nb y Nb 2 O 7 , wherein 0≦x≦3, 0≦y≦1, and M represents Ti or Zr. The niobium oxide may be in the form of particles, which may be carbon coated. The disclosure also relates to an electrode composition containing at least one or more niobium oxides of formula Li x M 1−y Nb y Nb 2 O 7 . The disclosure further relates to electrodes, such as anodes, and batteries containing at least one or more niobium oxides of formula Li x M 1−y Nb y Nb 2 O 7 . Furthermore, the disclosure relates to methods of forming the above.
1. A lithium ion secondary battery comprising:
an anode, the anode further comprising a niobium oxide comprising the general formula Li x M 1−y Nb y Nb 2 O 7 , wherein 0≦x≦3, 0≦y≦1 and M represent Ti or Zr,
a cathode, and
an electrolyte.
2. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the niobium oxide comprises the general formula Li x TiNb 2 O 7 , wherein 0≦x<3.
3. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the niobium oxide comprises the general formula Li x Ti 1−y Nb y Nb 2 O 7 , wherein 0≦x≦3 and 0≦y≦1.
4. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the niobium oxide is in the form of a particle.
5. The battery according to claim 4 , wherein the niobium oxide is in the form of agglomerated particles.
6. The battery according to claim 4 , further comprising a carbon coating on the niobium oxide.
7. The battery according to claim 6 , wherein the carbon coating represents up to 3% by weight of the total weight of carbon coating and niobium oxide.
8. The battery according to claim 1 , the anode further comprising an electronic conducting agent and/or a binder.
9. The battery according to claim 8 , the anode comprising 60 to 75% by weight niobium oxide or niobium oxide and carbon coating, 15 to 30% by weight electronic conducting agent, and 0 to 10% by weight binder.
10. The battery according to claim 9 , wherein the electronic conducting agent comprises a material is selected from the group consisting of carbon black, acetylene back, graphite, carbon nanotubes, and any combinations thereof.
11. The battery according to claim 9 , wherein the binder comprises a material selected from the group consisting of polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymethylmethacrylate, and any combinations thereof.
12. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the cathode comprises an active material operable to allow reversible insertion of lithium ions.
13. The battery according to claim 12 , wherein the cathode comprises Li[Ni 0.5 Mn 1.5 ]O 4 .
14. The battery according to claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte comprises a lithium salt dissolved in a liquid solvent or in a polymer.
15. The battery according to claim 14 , wherein the lithium salt comprises a material selected from the group consisting of perfluoroalcanesulfonates, bis(perfluoro-alkylsulfonyl) imides, perchlorate, hexafluorophosphate, tetrafluoroborate, and any combinations thereof.
16. The battery according to claim 14 , wherein the liquid solvent comprises an organic carbonate or an ionic liquid.
17. The battery according to claim 14 , the polymer comprises a polar solvating, crosslinked, or non-crosslinked polymer.