System for thermally processing lumpy solid material
The system according to the invention for thermally processing lumpy solid material substantially comprises a preheating device, a furnace and a separation or classification device which is arranged therebetween and which has a coarse material outlet connected to the furnace and a fine material outlet. The furnace and the preheating device are connected to each other by means of a gas/solid material line which is arranged so as to be inclined relative to the vertical, the furnace exhaust gases being introduced at the end of the gas/solid material line at the furnace side and the preheated solid material being supplied at the end at the preheater side. The separation or classification device is connected to a bypass line which branches off from the gas/solid material line so that at least a partial amount of the preheated solid material can be branched off via the bypass line by means of gravitational force and can be supplied to the separation or classification device.
1. A system for thermally processing lumpy solid material comprising: a preheating device, a furnace and a separation or classification device arranged between said preheating device and said furnace, the separation or classification device having a coarse material outlet and a fine material outlet, wherein the coarse material outlet is connected to the furnace, the system being characterised in that
the furnace and the preheating device are connected to each other by means of a gas/solid material line which is arranged so as to be inclined relative to a vertical axis and communicates with the furnace at a furnace side end and communicates with the preheating device at a preheater side end, wherein furnace exhaust gases are introduced at the furnace side end of the gas/solid material line and flow to the preheating device, and solid material preheated in said preheating device is supplied at the preheater side end, and the separation or classification device is connected to a bypass line that branches off from the gas/solid material line so that at least a partial amount of the solid material preheated in said preheating device and supplied at said preheater side end is branched off via the bypass line by means of gravitational force and is supplied to the separation or classification device.
2. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the bypass line and the separation or classification device are constructed in such a manner that the solid material is conveyed by means of gravitational force.
3. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the inclination angle of the gas/solid material line relative to the vertical axis ranges from 25° to 65°.
4. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the separation or classification device is formed by a driven sieving machine.
5. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the separation or classification device has a roller table screen.
6. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the separation or classification device has an inclined roller table screen.
7. The system according to claim 5 , wherein the roller table screen is cooled.
8. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the bypass line and the separation or classification device are arranged below the gas/solid material line.
9. The system according to claim 1 , wherein a closure member is arranged in the bypass line.
10. The system according to claim 9 , wherein the closure member is formed by a needle gate.
11. The system according to claim 1 , wherein coarse material outlet is connected to the furnace via a connection line, and an air closure member is arranged in the connection line.
12. The system according to claim 11 , wherein the connection line is in the form of a gravity line.
13. The system according to claim 11 , wherein the air closure member is formed by a shuttle valve.
14. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the preheating device has a central discharge funnel to which the inclined gas/solid material line is connected.
15. The system according to claim 14 , wherein the discharge funnel and the bypass line are connected to the gas/solid material line in such a manner that the preheated solid material either falls directly into the bypass line or slides in via the gas/solid material line.
16. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the bypass line is connected to the gas/solid material line in such a manner that the total preheated solid material can optionally also be branched off via the bypass line.
17. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the preheating device is in the form of a shaft type preheater.
18. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the furnace is in the form of a cylindrical rotary furnace.
19. A method for operating a system according to claim 1 , including the steps of:
preheating the lumpy solid material in the preheating device with the furnace exhaust gases;
burning the preheated lumpy solid material in the furnace;
branching off at least a partial amount of the preheated lumpy solid material through the bypass line and thereafter separating the preheated lumpy solid material into coarse material and fine material in the separation or classification device;
supplying the coarse material to the furnace; and
discharging the fine material.
20. The system according to claim 1 , wherein the coarse material outlet of the separation or classification device discharges coarse material and the fine material outlet discharges fine material; and wherein the separation or classification device is part of a sulphur bypass system such that the fine material outlet discharges fine material with an increased sulphur content as compared to the coarse material.