METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING A LIFTING MAGNET SUPPLIED WITH AN AC SOURCE
A magnet controller supplied by an AC source controls a lifting magnet. Two bridges allow DC current to flow in both directions in the lifting magnet. During “Lift”, relatively high voltage is applied to the lifting magnet until it reaches its cold current. Then voltage is lowered. After a desired interval, once the magnet has had time to build its electromagnetic field, voltage is further reduced to prevent the magnet from overheating. The magnet lifting forced is maintained due to the magnetic circuit hysteresis. During “Drop”, reverse voltage is applied briefly to demagnetize the lifting magnet. At the end of the “Lift” and the “Drop”, most of the lifting magnet energy is returned to the line source. A logic controller controls current and voltage of the magnet and calculates the magnet's temperature. In one embodiment, a “Sweep” switch is provided to allow reduction of the magnet power to prevent attraction to the bottom or walls of magnetic rail cars or containers.
1 . A lifting magnet system, comprising:
a three-phase AC power source;
a positive bridge circuit comprising six thyristors, wherein a first pair of thyristors are arranged in series with a first phase of said three-phase AC power source, a second pair of thyristors are arranged in series with a second phase of said three-phase AC power source, and a third pair of thyristors are arranged in series with a third phase of said three-phase AC power source wherein during lift, said positive bridge circuit is configured to generate a first voltage, and during hold, said positive bridge circuit is configured to generate a second voltage less than said first voltage, in a sweep mode, said positive bridge circuit is configured to generate a third voltage during sweep lift that is less than said first voltage and a fourth voltage during sweep hold that is less than said second voltage;
a negative bridge circuit comprising six thyristors, wherein a fourth pair of thyristors are arranged in series with said first phase of said three-phase AC power source, a fifth pair of thyristors are arranged in series with said second phase of said three-phase AC power source, and a sixth pair of thyristors are arranged in series with a third phase of said three-phase AC power source,
wherein said first pair of thyristors of said positive bridge circuit are arranged in parallel with said fourth pair of thyristors of said negative bridge circuit, said second pair of thyristors of said positive bridge circuit are arranged in parallel with said fifth pair of thyristors of said negative bridge circuit, and said third pair of thyristors of said positive bridge circuit are arranged in parallel with said sixth pair of thyristors of said negative bridge circuit;
an electromagnet; and
a logic controller controlling said positive bridge circuit and said negative bridge circuit, during lift said logic controller controlling the thyristors in the positive bridge circuit in repeating sequence to output substantially direct current to the electromagnet and to apply said first voltage to the electromagnet to charge the electromagnet, during hold said logic controller controlling the thyristors in the positive bridge circuit in repeating sequence to output substantially direct current to the electromagnet and to apply a said second voltage to the electromagnet that is less than the first voltage applied during lift in order to prevent damage to the electromagnet,
during sweep lift said logic controller controlling said thyristors in said positive bridge circuit in repeating sequence to apply said third voltage to said electromagnet that is less than said first voltage,
during sweep hold said logic controller further controlling said thyristors to apply a fourth voltage to said electromagnet that is less than said second voltage,
during drop said logic controller controlling the thyristors in the negative bridge circuit in repeating sequence to output substantially direct current to the electromagnet and to apply a voltage to the electromagnet that is the reverse of the voltage applied during lift to demagnetize the electromagnet.