Graphene interconnection and method of manufacturing the same
According to one embodiment, a graphene interconnection includes an insulating film, a catalyst film, and a graphene layer. An insulating film includes an interconnection trench. A catalyst film is formed in the interconnection trench and filling at least a portion of the interconnection trench. A graphene layer is formed on the catalyst film in the interconnection trench, and including graphene sheets stacked in a direction perpendicularly to a bottom surface of the interconnection trench.
1. A graphene interconnection comprising:
an insulating film including an interconnection trench;
a catalyst underlying film formed on both side surfaces and the bottom surface of the interconnection trench;
a catalyst film formed on the catalyst underlying film in the interconnection trench and filling at least a portion of the interconnection trench; and
a graphene layer formed on the catalyst film in the interconnection trench, and including graphene sheets stacked in a direction perpendicularly to a bottom surface of the interconnection trench,
wherein the graphene layer has an upper surface higher than an upper surface of the interconnection trench, and a lower surface lower than the upper surface of the interconnection trench,
an end portion of a lower portion of the graphene layer is directly contact with the catalyst underlying film, and
among the graphene sheets forming the graphene layer, end portions of not less than two graphene sheets are directly contact with the catalyst underlying film.
2. The interconnection of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst underlying film includes one of Ta, Ti, and Ru.
3. The interconnection of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of graphene sheets comprise between two and 100 graphene sheets.
4. The interconnection of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst film comprises a continuous film.
5. The interconnection of claim 4 , wherein a film thickness of the catalyst film is not less than 0.5 nm.
6. The interconnection of claim 1 , wherein the catalyst film comprises one of a film of a metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Fe, Ru, and Cu, a film of an alloy containing at least one of Co, Ni, Fe, Ru, and Cu, and a film of a carbide of any of Co, Ni, Fe, Ru, and Cu.
7. The interconnection of claim 1 , wherein the graphene layer has a line shape in a plan view.
8. A graphene interconnection comprising:
an insulating film including an interconnection trench;
a catalyst underlying film formed on both side surfaces and the bottom surface of the interconnection trench,
a catalyst film formed on the catalyst underlying film in the interconnection trench and filling at least a portion of the interconnection trench; and
a graphene layer formed on the catalyst film in the interconnection trench, the graphene layer being a form of a plate, and the graphene layer including graphene sheets stacked in a first direction the first direction perpendicularly to a bottom surface of the interconnection trench,
wherein the graphene layer has an upper surface higher than an upper surface of the interconnection trench, and a lower surface lower than the upper surface of the interconnection trench, and
an end portion of a lower portion of the graphene layer is directly contact with the catalyst underlying film.
9. The interconnection of claim 8 , wherein the graphene sheets are stacked only in the first direction.
10. The interconnection of claim 8 , wherein end portions of not less than two graphene sheets and an end portion of the catalyst film are on a same plane.
11. A graphene interconnection comprising:
an insulating film including a trench;
a catalyst underlying film formed on both side surfaces and the bottom surface of the trench;
a catalyst film formed on the catalyst underlying film in the trench and filling at least a portion of the interconnection trench; and
a graphene layer formed on the catalyst film in the interconnection trench, and including graphene sheets stacked in a direction non-parallel to a bottom surface of the trench,
wherein the graphene layer has an upper surface higher than a lower surface lower than the upper surface of the trench,
a lower portion of the graphene layer is directly in contact with the catalyst underlying film.
12. The interconnection of claim 11 , wherein the graphene layer has an upper surface higher than an upper surface of the trench.
13. The interconnection of claim 11 , wherein side end portions of a lower portion of the graphene layer is directly contact with the catalyst underlying film.
14. The interconnection of claim 11 , wherein among the graphene sheets forming the graphene layer, end portions of not less than two graphene sheets are directly contact with the catalyst underlying film.
15. The interconnection of claim 11 , wherein the catalyst underlying film includes one of Ta, Ti, and Ru.
16. The interconnection of claim 11 , wherein the graphene sheets comprise between two and 100 graphene sheets.
17. The interconnection of claim 11 , wherein the catalyst film comprises a continuous film.
18. The interconnection of claim 17 , wherein a film thickness of the catalyst film is not less than 0.5 nm.
19. The interconnection of claim 11 , wherein the catalyst film comprises one of a film of a metal selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Fe, Ru, and Cu, a film of an alloy containing at least one of Co, Ni, Fe, Ru, and Cu, and a film of a carbide of any of Co, Ni, Fe, Ru, and Cu.
20. The interconnection of claim 11 , wherein end portions of not less than two graphene sheets and an end portion of the catalyst film are on a same plane.