Bacteriophages expressing antimicrobial peptides and uses thereof
The present invention is generally related to engineered bacteriophages expressing antimicrobial peptides or lytic enzymes or fragments thereof for targeting a broad spectrum of bacterial hosts, and for the long-term suppression of bacterial phage resistance for reducing bacterial infections. In some embodiments, bacteriophages express antimicrobial peptides or antimicrobial polypeptides (e.g. phage lytic enzymes) which are secreted from the host bacteria, or alternatively released upon lysis of the bacterial host cell. Aspects of the present invention also relate to the use of the engineered bacteriophages for the reduction of bacterial infections, both in a subject or for bioremediation purposes, in clinical settings and wound healing.
1. An engineered bacteriophage comprising a heterologous nucleic acid operatively linked to a promoter, wherein the nucleic acid encodes at least one antimicrobial polypeptide fused to an N-terminal secretory signal sequence, the antimicrobial peptide having antimicrobial properties when outside a bacterial cell.
2. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial polypeptide is an antimicrobial peptide or a naturally occurring bacterial peptide.
3. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial peptide is selected from: lndolicidin (SEQ ID NO: 6), Cecropin PI (SEQ ID NO: 11), Dermaseptin (SEQ ID NO: 14), Ponericin WI (SEQ ID NO: 44), Ponericin W3 (SEQ ID NO: 40), Ponericin W4 (SEQ ID NO: 18), Ponericin W5 (SEQ ID NO: 42), Ponericin W6 (SEQ ID NO: 22) and variants thereof.
4. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial polypeptide is a lytic enzyme.
5. The bacteriophage of claim 4 , wherein the lytic enzyme is LysK or a functional fragment thereof.
6. The bacteriophage of claim 5 , wherein the functional fragment of LysK is CHAP165 (SEQ ID NO: 71) or a variant thereof.
7. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the bacteriophage is a T7 or M13 bacteriophage.
8. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the bacteriophage is a lysogenic bacteriophage.
9. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the bacteriophage is a lytic bacteriophage.
10. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the bacteriophage infects a bacteria selected from Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus , and Enterococcus faecalis.
11. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the bacteriophage encodes an antimicrobial peptide having from 12-50 amino acids.
12. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the bacteriophage encodes an antimicrobial peptide having from 15-30 amino acids.
13. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the N-terminal secretory signal sequence is recognized by a Type I, Type II, or Type V bacterial secretion system.
14. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the secretory signal sequence is recognized by a secA1, secA2 or Tat secretion pathway.
15. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the secretory signal sequence is an Omp signal sequence.
16. The bacteriophage of claim 15 , wherein the secretory signal sequence is an OmpA signal sequence.
17. The bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial peptide has antimicrobial properties against one or both of gram positive and gram negative bacteria.
18. An engineered bacteriophage comprising a heterologous nucleic acid operatively linked to a promoter, the nucleic acid encoding an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) of 12 to 50 amino acids in length fused to an N-terminal bacterial secretion signal sequence, the AMP having antimicrobial properties when outside a bacterial cell.
19. The engineered bacteriophage of claim 1 , wherein the antimicrobial peptide, when secreted from a host bacterial cell, reduces the viability of a heterogeneous bacterial population not infected with the engineered bacteriophage.